Practitioner

A person who is directly or indirectly involved in the provisioning of healthcare or related services.

Scope and Usage

Practitioner covers all individuals who are engaged in the healthcare process and healthcare-related services as part of their formal responsibilities and this Resource is used for attribution of activities and responsibilities to these individuals. Practitioners include (but are not limited to):

physicians, dentists, pharmacists physician assistants, nurses, scribes midwives, dietitians, therapists, optometrists, paramedics medical technicians, laboratory scientists, prosthetic technicians, radiographers social workers, professional homecare providers, official volunteers receptionists handling patient registration IT personnel merging or unmerging patient records service animal (e.g., ward assigned dog capable of detecting cancer in patients) a bus driver for a community organization a lawyer acting for a hospital or a patient a person working for a supplier of a healthcare organization The Practitioner resource is used for anyone involved in the provision of care or services to a Patient associated with an organization. The RelatedPerson resource is used for anyone involved in the care for a patient, typically having a personal *relationship *or non-healthcare-specific professional relationship to the patient.

Resource content

These are different views on this resource:

This is the tree view:

PH_Practitioner (Practitioner)	I		Practitioner	Element id Practitioner Short description A person with a formal responsibility in the provisioning of healthcare or related services Definition A person who is directly involved in the provisioning of healthcare. Data type Practitioner Constraints dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources `contained.contained.empty()` dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated `contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()` dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource `contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference \| %resource.descendants().as(canonical) \| %resource.descendants().as(uri) \| %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()` dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management text.`div`.exists() dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label `contained.meta.security.empty()` Mappings rim: Entity. Role, or Act v2: PRD (as one example) rim: Role servd: Provider
id	Σ	0..1	string	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Practitioner.id Short description Logical id of this artifact Definition The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes. Comments The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation. Data type string
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Practitioner.meta Short description Metadata about the resource Definition The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource. Data type Meta Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
implicitRules	Σ ?!	0..1	uri	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Practitioner.implicitRules Short description A set of rules under which this content was created Definition A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc. Comments Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc. Data type uri Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a
language		0..1	codeBinding	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Practitioner.language Short description Language of the resource content Definition The base language in which the resource is written. Comments Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute). Data type code Binding A human language. CommonLanguages (preferred) Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a
text		0..1	Narrative	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Practitioner.text Short description Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation Alternate names narrative, html, xhtml, display Definition A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety. Comments Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later. Data type Narrative Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A rim: Act.text?
contained		0..*	Resource	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Practitioner.contained Short description Contained, inline Resources Alternate names inline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources Definition These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope. Comments This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags In their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels. Data type Resource Mappings rim: Entity. Role, or Act rim: N/A
extension	I	0..*	Extension	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Practitioner.extension Short description Additional content defined by implementations Alternate names extensions, user content Definition May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Comments There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. Data type Extension Sliced: Unordered, Open, by url(Value) Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
signature	I	0..*	Extension(Signature)	Element id Practitioner.extension:signature Short description Practitioner Signature Alternate names extensions, user content Definition Practitioner Signature Comments This is an extension Data type Extension(Signature) Extension URL https://example.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Signature Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
sex	I	0..*	Extension(code)	Element id Practitioner.extension:sex Short description The sex assigned at birth, as documented on the birth registration Alternate names extensions, user content Definition The sex assigned at birth, as documented on the birth registration Comments This is an extension Data type Extension(code) Extension URL https://example.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Sex Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
modifierExtension	?! I	0..*	Extension	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Practitioner.modifierExtension Short description Extensions that cannot be ignored Alternate names extensions, user content Definition May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). Requirements Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. Comments There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. Data type Extension Sliced: Unordered, Open, by url(Value) Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
identifier	Σ	0..*	Identifier	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Practitioner.identifier Short description An identifier for the person as this agent Definition An identifier that applies to this person in this role. Requirements Often, specific identities are assigned for the agent. Data type Identifier Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: CX / EI (occasionally, more often EI maps to a resource id or a URL) rim: II - The Identifier class is a little looser than the v3 type II because it allows URIs as well as registered OIDs or GUIDs. Also maps to Role[classCode=IDENT] servd: Identifier w5: FiveWs.identifier v2: PRD-7 (or XCN.1) rim: ./id servd: ./Identifiers
active	Σ	0..1	boolean	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Practitioner.active Short description Whether this practitioner's record is in active use Definition Whether this practitioner's record is in active use. Requirements Need to be able to mark a practitioner record as not to be used because it was created in error. Comments If the practitioner is not in use by one organization, then it should mark the period on the PractitonerRole with an end date (even if they are active) as they may be active in another role. Meaning when missing This resource is generally assumed to be active if no value is provided for the active element Data type boolean Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a w5: FiveWs.status rim: ./statusCode
name	Σ	0..*	HumanName	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Practitioner.name Short description The name(s) associated with the practitioner Definition The name(s) associated with the practitioner. Requirements The name(s) that a Practitioner is known by. Where there are multiple, the name that the practitioner is usually known as should be used in the display. Comments The selection of the use property should ensure that there is a single usual name specified, and others use the nickname (alias), old, or other values as appropriate. In general, select the value to be used in the ResourceReference.display based on this: There is more than 1 name Use = usual Period is current to the date of the usage Use = official Other order as decided by internal business rules. Data type HumanName Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: XPN rim: EN (actually, PN) servd: ProviderName v2: XCN Components rim: ./name servd: ./PreferredName (GivenNames, FamilyName, TitleCode)
telecom	Σ I	0..*	ContactPoint	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Practitioner.telecom Short description A contact detail for the practitioner (that apply to all roles) Definition A contact detail for the practitioner, e.g. a telephone number or an email address. Requirements Need to know how to reach a practitioner independent to any roles the practitioner may have. Comments Person may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods. May need to have options for contacting the person urgently and to help with identification. These typically will have home numbers, or mobile numbers that are not role specific. Data type ContactPoint Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` cpt-2: A system is required if a value is provided. `value.empty() or system.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a v2: XTN rim: TEL servd: ContactPoint v2: PRT-15, STF-10, ROL-12 rim: ./telecom servd: ./ContactPoints
address	Σ	0..*	Address	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Practitioner.address Short description Address(es) of the practitioner that are not role specific (typically home address) Definition Address(es) of the practitioner that are not role specific (typically home address). Work addresses are not typically entered in this property as they are usually role dependent. Requirements The home/mailing address of the practitioner is often required for employee administration purposes, and also for some rostering services where the start point (practitioners home) can be used in calculations. Comments The PractitionerRole does not have an address value on it, as it is expected that the location property be used for this purpose (which has an address). Data type Address Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: XAD rim: AD servd: Address v2: ORC-24, STF-11, ROL-11, PRT-14 rim: ./addr servd: ./Addresses
gender	Σ	0..0	codeBinding	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Practitioner.gender Short description male \| female \| other \| unknown Definition Administrative Gender - the gender that the person is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes. Requirements Needed to address the person correctly. Comments Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size Data type code Binding The gender of a person used for administrative purposes. AdministrativeGender (required) Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: STF-5 rim: ./administrativeGender servd: ./GenderCode
birthDate	Σ	0..0	date	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Practitioner.birthDate Short description The date on which the practitioner was born Definition The date of birth for the practitioner. Requirements Needed for identification. Data type date Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: STF-6 rim: ./birthTime servd: (not represented in ServD)
photo	I	0..0	Attachment	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Practitioner.photo Short description Image of the person Definition Image of the person. Requirements Many EHR systems have the capability to capture an image of patients and personnel. Fits with newer social media usage too. Comments When providing a summary view (for example with Observation.value[x]) Attachment should be represented with a brief display text such as "Signed Procedure Consent". Data type Attachment Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` att-1: If the Attachment has data, it SHALL have a contentType `data.empty() or contentType.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a v2: ED/RP rim: ED rim: ./subjectOf/ObservationEvent[code="photo"]/value servd: ./ImageURI (only supports the URI reference)
qualification		0..0	BackboneElement	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Practitioner.qualification Short description Certification, licenses, or training pertaining to the provision of care Definition The official certifications, training, and licenses that authorize or otherwise pertain to the provision of care by the practitioner. For example, a medical license issued by a medical board authorizing the practitioner to practice medicine within a certian locality. Data type BackboneElement Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: CER? rim: .playingEntity.playingRole[classCode=QUAL].code servd: ./Qualifications
communication		0..0	CodeableConceptBinding	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Practitioner.communication Short description A language the practitioner can use in patient communication Definition A language the practitioner can use in patient communication. Requirements Knowing which language a practitioner speaks can help in facilitating communication with patients. Comments The structure aa-BB with this exact casing is one the most widely used notations for locale. However not all systems code this but instead have it as free text. Hence CodeableConcept instead of code as the data type. Data type CodeableConcept Binding A human language. CommonLanguages (preferred) Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: CE/CNE/CWE rim: CD orim: fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD v2: PID-15, NK1-20, LAN-2 rim: ./languageCommunication servd: ./Languages.LanguageSpokenCode

This is the detailed view:

Practitioner
Definition	A person who is directly involved in the provisioning of healthcare.
Cardinality	0...*
Invariants	dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources `contained.contained.empty()` dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated `contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()` dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource `contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference \| %resource.descendants().as(canonical) \| %resource.descendants().as(uri) \| %resource.descendants().as(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(as(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()` dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management text.`div`.exists() dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label `contained.meta.security.empty()`
Mappings	rim: Entity. Role, or Act v2: PRD (as one example) rim: Role servd: Provider
Practitioner.id
Definition	The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	string
Summary	True
Comments	The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation.
Practitioner.meta
Definition	The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	Meta
Summary	True
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: N/A
Practitioner.implicitRules
Definition	A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	uri
Modifier	True
Summary	True
Comments	Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a
Practitioner.language
Definition	The base language in which the resource is written.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	code
Binding	A human language. CommonLanguages (preferred)
Comments	Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a
Practitioner.text
Definition	A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	Narrative
Alias	narrative, html, xhtml, display
Comments	Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: N/A rim: Act.text?
Practitioner.contained
Definition	These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Resource
Alias	inline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources
Comments	This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags In their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels.
Mappings	rim: Entity. Role, or Act rim: N/A
Practitioner.extension
Definition	May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Extension
Alias	extensions, user content
Comments	There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Slicing	Unordered, Open, by url(Value)
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: N/A
Practitioner.extension:signature
Definition	Practitioner Signature
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Extension(Signature)
Alias	extensions, user content
Comments	This is an extension
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: N/A
Practitioner.extension:sex
Definition	The sex assigned at birth, as documented on the birth registration
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Extension(code)
Alias	extensions, user content
Comments	This is an extension
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: N/A
Practitioner.modifierExtension
Definition	May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Extension
Modifier	True
Alias	extensions, user content
Requirements	Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Comments	There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Slicing	Unordered, Open, by url(Value)
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: N/A
Practitioner.identifier
Definition	An identifier that applies to this person in this role.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Identifier
Summary	True
Requirements	Often, specific identities are assigned for the agent.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: CX / EI (occasionally, more often EI maps to a resource id or a URL) rim: II - The Identifier class is a little looser than the v3 type II because it allows URIs as well as registered OIDs or GUIDs. Also maps to Role[classCode=IDENT] servd: Identifier w5: FiveWs.identifier v2: PRD-7 (or XCN.1) rim: ./id servd: ./Identifiers
Practitioner.active
Definition	Whether this practitioner's record is in active use.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	boolean
Summary	True
Requirements	Need to be able to mark a practitioner record as not to be used because it was created in error.
Comments	If the practitioner is not in use by one organization, then it should mark the period on the PractitonerRole with an end date (even if they are active) as they may be active in another role.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a w5: FiveWs.status rim: ./statusCode
Practitioner.name
Definition	The name(s) associated with the practitioner.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	HumanName
Summary	True
Requirements	The name(s) that a Practitioner is known by. Where there are multiple, the name that the practitioner is usually known as should be used in the display.
Comments	The selection of the use property should ensure that there is a single usual name specified, and others use the nickname (alias), old, or other values as appropriate. In general, select the value to be used in the ResourceReference.display based on this: There is more than 1 name Use = usual Period is current to the date of the usage Use = official Other order as decided by internal business rules.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: XPN rim: EN (actually, PN) servd: ProviderName v2: XCN Components rim: ./name servd: ./PreferredName (GivenNames, FamilyName, TitleCode)
Practitioner.telecom
Definition	A contact detail for the practitioner, e.g. a telephone number or an email address.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	ContactPoint
Summary	True
Requirements	Need to know how to reach a practitioner independent to any roles the practitioner may have.
Comments	Person may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods. May need to have options for contacting the person urgently and to help with identification. These typically will have home numbers, or mobile numbers that are not role specific.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` cpt-2: A system is required if a value is provided. `value.empty() or system.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: XTN rim: TEL servd: ContactPoint v2: PRT-15, STF-10, ROL-12 rim: ./telecom servd: ./ContactPoints
Practitioner.address
Definition	Address(es) of the practitioner that are not role specific (typically home address). Work addresses are not typically entered in this property as they are usually role dependent.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Address
Summary	True
Requirements	The home/mailing address of the practitioner is often required for employee administration purposes, and also for some rostering services where the start point (practitioners home) can be used in calculations.
Comments	The PractitionerRole does not have an address value on it, as it is expected that the location property be used for this purpose (which has an address).
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: XAD rim: AD servd: Address v2: ORC-24, STF-11, ROL-11, PRT-14 rim: ./addr servd: ./Addresses
Practitioner.gender
Definition	Administrative Gender - the gender that the person is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes.
Cardinality	0...0
Type	code
Binding	The gender of a person used for administrative purposes. AdministrativeGender (required)
Summary	True
Requirements	Needed to address the person correctly.
Comments	Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: STF-5 rim: ./administrativeGender servd: ./GenderCode
Practitioner.birthDate
Definition	The date of birth for the practitioner.
Cardinality	0...0
Type	date
Summary	True
Requirements	Needed for identification.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: STF-6 rim: ./birthTime servd: (not represented in ServD)
Practitioner.photo
Definition	Image of the person.
Cardinality	0...0
Type	Attachment
Requirements	Many EHR systems have the capability to capture an image of patients and personnel. Fits with newer social media usage too.
Comments	When providing a summary view (for example with Observation.value[x]) Attachment should be represented with a brief display text such as "Signed Procedure Consent".
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` att-1: If the Attachment has data, it SHALL have a contentType `data.empty() or contentType.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: ED/RP rim: ED rim: ./subjectOf/ObservationEvent[code="photo"]/value servd: ./ImageURI (only supports the URI reference)
Practitioner.qualification
Definition	The official certifications, training, and licenses that authorize or otherwise pertain to the provision of care by the practitioner. For example, a medical license issued by a medical board authorizing the practitioner to practice medicine within a certian locality.
Cardinality	0...0
Type	BackboneElement
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: CER? rim: .playingEntity.playingRole[classCode=QUAL].code servd: ./Qualifications
Practitioner.qualification.id
Definition	Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	string
Mappings	rim: n/a
Practitioner.qualification.extension
Definition	May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Extension
Alias	extensions, user content
Comments	There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Slicing	Unordered, Open, by url(Value)
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: N/A
Practitioner.qualification.modifierExtension
Definition	May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Extension
Modifier	True
Summary	True
Alias	extensions, user content, modifiers
Requirements	Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Comments	There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: N/A
Practitioner.qualification.identifier
Definition	An identifier that applies to this person's qualification in this role.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Identifier
Requirements	Often, specific identities are assigned for the qualification.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: CX / EI (occasionally, more often EI maps to a resource id or a URL) rim: II - The Identifier class is a little looser than the v3 type II because it allows URIs as well as registered OIDs or GUIDs. Also maps to Role[classCode=IDENT] servd: Identifier rim: .playingEntity.playingRole[classCode=QUAL].id
Practitioner.qualification.code
Definition	Coded representation of the qualification.
Cardinality	1...1
Type	CodeableConcept
Binding	Specific qualification the practitioner has to provide a service. v2.0360.2.7 (example)
Comments	Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: CE/CNE/CWE rim: CD orim: fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD rim: .playingEntity.playingRole[classCode=QUAL].code servd: ./Qualifications.Value
Practitioner.qualification.period
Definition	Period during which the qualification is valid.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	Period
Requirements	Qualifications are often for a limited period of time, and can be revoked.
Comments	A Period specifies a range of time; the context of use will specify whether the entire range applies (e.g. "the patient was an inpatient of the hospital for this time range") or one value from the range applies (e.g. "give to the patient between these two times"). Period is not used for a duration (a measure of elapsed time). See Duration.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` per-1: If present, start SHALL have a lower value than end `start.hasValue().not() or end.hasValue().not() or (start <= end)`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: DR rim: IVL<TS>[lowClosed="true" and highClosed="true"] or URG<TS>[lowClosed="true" and highClosed="true"] rim: .playingEntity.playingRole[classCode=QUAL].effectiveTime servd: ./Qualifications.StartDate and ./Qualifications.EndDate
Practitioner.qualification.issuer
Definition	Organization that regulates and issues the qualification.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	Reference(Organization)
Comments	References SHALL be a reference to an actual FHIR resource, and SHALL be resolveable (allowing for access control, temporary unavailability, etc.). Resolution can be either by retrieval from the URL, or, where applicable by resource type, by treating an absolute reference as a canonical URL and looking it up in a local registry/repository.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided `reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids'))`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: The target of a resource reference is a RIM entry point (Act, Role, or Entity) rim: .playingEntity.playingRole[classCode=QUAL].scoper
Practitioner.communication
Definition	A language the practitioner can use in patient communication.
Cardinality	0...0
Type	CodeableConcept
Binding	A human language. CommonLanguages (preferred)
Requirements	Knowing which language a practitioner speaks can help in facilitating communication with patients.
Comments	The structure aa-BB with this exact casing is one the most widely used notations for locale. However not all systems code this but instead have it as free text. Hence CodeableConcept instead of code as the data type.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: CE/CNE/CWE rim: CD orim: fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD v2: PID-15, NK1-20, LAN-2 rim: ./languageCommunication servd: ./Languages.LanguageSpokenCode

This is the resource in XML:

<StructureDefinition xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
    <url value="https://example.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/PH_Practitioner" />
    <name value="PH_Practitioner" />
    <status value="draft" />
    <fhirVersion value="4.0.1" />
    <kind value="resource" />
    <abstract value="false" />
    <type value="Practitioner" />
    <baseDefinition value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Practitioner" />
    <derivation value="constraint" />
    <differential>
        <element id="Practitioner">
            <path value="Practitioner" />
            <definition value="A person who is directly involved in the provisioning of healthcare." />
        </element>
        <element id="Practitioner.extension:signature">
            <path value="Practitioner.extension" />
            <sliceName value="signature" />
            <short value="Practitioner Signature" />
            <definition value="Practitioner Signature" />
            <comment value="This is an extension" />
            <type>
                <code value="Extension" />
                <profile value="https://example.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Signature" />
            </type>
            <isModifier value="false" />
        </element>
        <element id="Practitioner.extension:sex">
            <path value="Practitioner.extension" />
            <sliceName value="sex" />
            <short value="The sex assigned at birth, as documented on the birth registration" />
            <definition value="The sex assigned at birth, as documented on the birth registration" />
            <comment value="This is an extension" />
            <type>
                <code value="Extension" />
                <profile value="https://example.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Sex" />
            </type>
            <isModifier value="false" />
        </element>
        <element id="Practitioner.gender">
            <path value="Practitioner.gender" />
            <max value="0" />
        </element>
        <element id="Practitioner.birthDate">
            <path value="Practitioner.birthDate" />
            <max value="0" />
        </element>
        <element id="Practitioner.photo">
            <path value="Practitioner.photo" />
            <max value="0" />
        </element>
        <element id="Practitioner.qualification">
            <path value="Practitioner.qualification" />
            <max value="0" />
        </element>
        <element id="Practitioner.communication">
            <path value="Practitioner.communication" />
            <max value="0" />
        </element>
    </differential>
</StructureDefinition>

This is the resource in JSON:

{
    "resourceType": "StructureDefinition",
    "url": "https://example.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/PH_Practitioner",
    "name": "PH_Practitioner",
    "status": "draft",
    "fhirVersion": "4.0.1",
    "kind": "resource",
    "abstract": false,
    "type": "Practitioner",
    "baseDefinition": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Practitioner",
    "derivation": "constraint",
    "differential": {
        "element":  [
            {
                "id": "Practitioner",
                "path": "Practitioner",
                "definition": "A person who is directly involved in the provisioning of healthcare."
            },
            {
                "id": "Practitioner.extension:signature",
                "path": "Practitioner.extension",
                "sliceName": "signature",
                "short": "Practitioner Signature",
                "definition": "Practitioner Signature",
                "comment": "This is an extension",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Extension",
                        "profile":  [
                            "https://example.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Signature"
                        ]
                    }
                ],
                "isModifier": false
            },
            {
                "id": "Practitioner.extension:sex",
                "path": "Practitioner.extension",
                "sliceName": "sex",
                "short": "The sex assigned at birth, as documented on the birth registration",
                "definition": "The sex assigned at birth, as documented on the birth registration",
                "comment": "This is an extension",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Extension",
                        "profile":  [
                            "https://example.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Sex"
                        ]
                    }
                ],
                "isModifier": false
            },
            {
                "id": "Practitioner.gender",
                "path": "Practitioner.gender",
                "max": "0"
            },
            {
                "id": "Practitioner.birthDate",
                "path": "Practitioner.birthDate",
                "max": "0"
            },
            {
                "id": "Practitioner.photo",
                "path": "Practitioner.photo",
                "max": "0"
            },
            {
                "id": "Practitioner.qualification",
                "path": "Practitioner.qualification",
                "max": "0"
            },
            {
                "id": "Practitioner.communication",
                "path": "Practitioner.communication",
                "max": "0"
            }
        ]
    }
}

PH_Practitioner