Sample snippet 1

⚠️ This is a template for describing your Profile (StructureDefinition) resource. To start, update the canonical URL above to the one of your resource. Don't forget to remove this paragraph.

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Patient	I		DomainResource	Element id Patient Short description Information about an individual or animal receiving health care services Alternate names SubjectOfCare Client Resident Definition Demographics and other administrative information about an individual or animal receiving care or other health-related services. Data type DomainResource Constraints dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources `contained.contained.empty()` dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated `contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()` dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource `contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference \| %resource.descendants().ofType(canonical) \| %resource.descendants().ofType(uri) \| %resource.descendants().ofType(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(ofType(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(ofType(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()` dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management text.`div`.exists() dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label `contained.meta.security.empty()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: Entity. Role, or Act rim: Entity, Role, or Act w5: administrative.individual rim: Patient[classCode=PAT] interface: ParticipantLiving cda: ClinicalDocument.recordTarget.patientRole
id	Σ	0..1	id	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Patient.id Short description Logical id of this artifact Definition The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes. Comments Within the context of the FHIR RESTful interactions, the resource has an id except for cases like the create and conditional update. Otherwise, the use of the resouce id depends on the given use case. Data type id
meta	Σ	0..1	Meta	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Patient.meta Short description Metadata about the resource Definition The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource. Data type Meta Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
implicitRules	Σ ?!	0..1	uri	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Patient.implicitRules Short description A set of rules under which this content was created Definition A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc. Comments Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of its narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc. Data type uri Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a
language		0..1	codeBinding	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Patient.language Short description Language of the resource content Definition The base language in which the resource is written. Comments Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute). Data type code Binding IETF language tag for a human language AllLanguages (required) Additional bindings: CommonLanguages (starter) Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a
text	I	0..1	Narrative	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Patient.text Short description Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation Alternate names narrative, html, xhtml, display Definition A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety. Comments Contained resources do not have a narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later. Data type Narrative Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A rim: Act.text?
contained	I	0..*	Resource	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Patient.contained Short description Contained, inline Resources Alternate names inline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources Definition These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, nor can they have their own independent transaction scope. This is allowed to be a Parameters resource if and only if it is referenced by a resource that provides context/meaning. Comments This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags in their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels. Data type Resource Mappings rim: n/a rim: Entity. Role, or Act rim: N/A
extension	I	0..*	Extension	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Patient.extension Short description Additional content defined by implementations Alternate names extensions, user content Definition May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Comments There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. Data type Extension Sliced: Unordered, Open, by url(Value) Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
modifierExtension	Σ ?! I	0..*	Extension	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Patient.modifierExtension Short description Extensions that cannot be ignored Alternate names extensions, user content Definition May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). Requirements Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. Comments There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. Data type Extension Sliced: Unordered, Open, by url(Value) Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
identifier	Σ I	0..*	Identifier	Element id Patient.identifier Short description An identifier for this patient Definition An identifier for this patient. Requirements Patients are almost always assigned specific numerical identifiers. Comments The rules of the identifier.type determine if a check digit is part of the ID value or sent separately, such as through the checkDigit extension. Data type Identifier Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ident-1: Identifier with no value has limited utility. If communicating that an identifier value has been suppressed or missing, the value element SHOULD be present with an extension indicating the missing semantic - e.g. data-absent-reason `value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a v2: CX / EI (occasionally, more often EI maps to a resource id or a URL) rim: II - The Identifier class is a little looser than the v3 type II because it allows URIs as well as registered OIDs or GUIDs. Also maps to Role[classCode=IDENT] servd: Identifier w5: FiveWs.identifier v2: PID-3 rim: id interface: Participant.identifier cda: .id
active	Σ ?!	0..1	boolean	Element id Patient.active Short description Whether this patient's record is in active use Definition Whether this patient record is in active use. Many systems use this property to mark as non-current patients, such as those that have not been seen for a period of time based on an organization's business rules. It is often used to filter patient lists to exclude inactive patients Deceased patients may also be marked as inactive for the same reasons, but may be active for some time after death. Requirements Need to be able to mark a patient record as not to be used because it was created in error. Comments If a record is inactive, and linked to an active record, then future patient/record updates should occur on the other patient. Meaning when missing This resource is generally assumed to be active if no value is provided for the active element Data type boolean Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a w5: FiveWs.status rim: statusCode interface: Participant.active cda: n/a
name	Σ	0..*	HumanName	Element id Patient.name Short description A name associated with the patient Definition A name associated with the individual. Requirements Need to be able to track the patient by multiple names. Examples are your official name and a partner name. Comments A patient may have multiple names with different uses or applicable periods. For animals, the name is a "HumanName" in the sense that is assigned and used by humans and has the same patterns. Animal names may be communicated as given names, and optionally may include a family name. Data type HumanName Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: XPN rim: EN (actually, PN) servd: ProviderName v2: PID-5, PID-9 rim: name interface: Participant.name cda: .patient.name
telecom	Σ I	0..*	ContactPoint	Element id Patient.telecom Short description A contact detail for the individual Definition A contact detail (e.g. a telephone number or an email address) by which the individual may be contacted. Requirements People have (primary) ways to contact them in some way such as phone, email. Comments A Patient may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods. May need to have options for contacting the person urgently and also to help with identification. The address might not go directly to the individual, but may reach another party that is able to proxy for the patient (i.e. home phone, or pet owner's phone). Data type ContactPoint Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` cpt-2: A system is required if a value is provided. `value.empty() or system.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a v2: XTN rim: TEL servd: ContactPoint v2: PID-13, PID-14, PID-40 rim: telecom interface: ParticipantContactable.telecom cda: .telecom
gender	Σ	0..1	codeBinding	Element id Patient.gender Short description male \| female \| other \| unknown Definition Administrative Gender - the gender that the patient is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes. Requirements Needed for identification of the individual, in combination with (at least) name and birth date. Comments The gender might not match the biological sex as determined by genetics or the individual's preferred identification. Note that for both humans and particularly animals, there are other legitimate possibilities than male and female, though the vast majority of systems and contexts only support male and female. Systems providing decision support or enforcing business rules should ideally do this on the basis of Observations dealing with the specific sex or gender aspect of interest (anatomical, chromosomal, social, etc.) However, because these observations are infrequently recorded, defaulting to the administrative gender is common practice. Where such defaulting occurs, rule enforcement should allow for the variation between administrative and biological, chromosomal and other gender aspects. For example, an alert about a hysterectomy on a male should be handled as a warning or overridable error, not a "hard" error. See the Patient Gender and Sex section for additional information about communicating patient gender and sex. Data type code Binding The gender of a person used for administrative purposes. AdministrativeGender (required) Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: PID-8 rim: player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/administrativeGender interface: ParticipantLiving.gender cda: .patient.administrativeGenderCode
birthDate	Σ	0..1	date	Element id Patient.birthDate Short description The date of birth for the individual Definition The date of birth for the individual. Requirements Age of the individual drives many clinical processes. Comments Partial dates are allowed if the specific date of birth is unknown. There is a standard extension "patient-birthTime" available that should be used where Time is required (such as in maternity/infant care systems). Data type date Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: PID-7 rim: player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/birthTime interface: ParticipantLiving.birthDate cda: .patient.birthTime loinc: 21112-8
deceased[x]	Σ ?!	0..1		Element id Patient.deceased[x] Short description Indicates if the individual is deceased or not Definition Indicates if the individual is deceased or not. Requirements The fact that a patient is deceased influences the clinical process. Also, in human communication and relation management it is necessary to know whether the person is alive. Comments If there's no value in the instance, it means there is no statement on whether or not the individual is deceased. Most systems will interpret the absence of a value as a sign of the person being alive. Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: PID-30 (bool) and PID-29 (datetime) rim: player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/deceasedInd, player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/deceasedTime cda: n/a
deceasedBoolean			boolean	Data type boolean
deceasedDateTime			dateTime	Data type dateTime
address	Σ	0..*	Address	Element id Patient.address Short description An address for the individual Definition An address for the individual. Requirements May need to keep track of patient addresses for contacting, billing or reporting requirements and also to help with identification. Comments Patient may have multiple addresses with different uses or applicable periods. Data type Address Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: XAD rim: AD servd: Address v2: PID-11 rim: addr interface: ParticipantContactable.address cda: .addr
maritalStatus		0..1	CodeableConceptBinding	Element id Patient.maritalStatus Short description Marital (civil) status of a patient Definition This field contains a patient's most recent marital (civil) status. Requirements Most, if not all systems capture it. Comments Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination. Data type CodeableConcept Binding The domestic partnership status of a person. MaritalStatusCodes (extensible) Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: CE/CNE/CWE rim: CD orim: fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD v2: PID-16 rim: player[classCode=PSN]/maritalStatusCode cda: .patient.maritalStatusCode
multipleBirth[x]		0..1		Element id Patient.multipleBirth[x] Short description Whether patient is part of a multiple birth Definition Indicates whether the patient is part of a multiple (boolean) or indicates the actual birth order (integer). Requirements For disambiguation of multiple-birth children, especially relevant where the care provider doesn't meet the patient, such as labs. Comments Where the valueInteger is provided, the number is the birth number in the sequence. E.g. The middle birth in triplets would be valueInteger=2 and the third born would have valueInteger=3 If a boolean value was provided for this triplets example, then all 3 patient records would have valueBoolean=true (the ordering is not indicated). Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: PID-24 (bool), PID-25 (integer) rim: player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/multipleBirthInd, player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/multipleBirthOrderNumber cda: n/a
multipleBirthBoolean			boolean	Data type boolean
multipleBirthInteger			integer	Data type integer
photo	I	0..*	Attachment	Element id Patient.photo Short description Image of the patient Definition Image of the patient. Requirements Many EHR systems have the capability to capture an image of the patient. Fits with newer social media usage too. Comments Guidelines: Use id photos, not clinical photos. Limit dimensions to thumbnail. Keep byte count low to ease resource updates. Data type Attachment Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` att-1: If the Attachment has data, it SHALL have a contentType `data.empty() or contentType.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a v2: ED/RP rim: ED v2: OBX-5 - needs a profile rim: player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/desc interface: ParticipantLiving.photo cda: n/a
contact	I	0..*	BackboneElement	Element id Patient.contact Short description A contact party (e.g. guardian, partner, friend) for the patient Definition A contact party (e.g. guardian, partner, friend) for the patient. Requirements Need to track people you can contact about the patient. Comments Contact covers all kinds of contact parties: family members, business contacts, guardians, caregivers. Not applicable to register pedigree and family ties beyond use of having contact. Data type BackboneElement Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` pat-1: SHALL at least contain a contact's details or a reference to an organization `name.exists() or telecom.exists() or address.exists() or organization.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/scopedRole[classCode=CON] cda: n/a
id		0..1	string	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Patient.contact.id Short description Unique id for inter-element referencing Definition Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. Data type string Mappings rim: n/a
extension	I	0..*	Extension	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Patient.contact.extension Short description Additional content defined by implementations Alternate names extensions, user content Definition May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Comments There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. Data type Extension Sliced: Unordered, Open, by url(Value) Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
modifierExtension	Σ ?! I	0..*	Extension	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Patient.contact.modifierExtension Short description Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Alternate names extensions, user content, modifiers Definition May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). Requirements Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. Comments There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. Data type Extension Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
relationship		0..*	CodeableConceptBinding	Element id Patient.contact.relationship Short description The kind of relationship Definition The nature of the relationship between the patient and the contact person. Requirements Used to determine which contact person is the most relevant to approach, depending on circumstances. Comments Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination. Data type CodeableConcept Binding The nature of the relationship between a patient and a contact person for that patient. PatientContactRelationship (extensible) Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: CE/CNE/CWE rim: CD orim: fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD v2: NK1-7, NK1-3 rim: code cda: n/a
name	I	0..1	HumanName	Element id Patient.contact.name Short description A name associated with the contact person Definition A name associated with the contact person. Requirements Contact persons need to be identified by name, but it is uncommon to need details about multiple other names for that contact person. Comments Names may be changed, or repudiated, or people may have different names in different contexts. Names may be divided into parts of different type that have variable significance depending on context, though the division into parts does not always matter. With personal names, the different parts might or might not be imbued with some implicit meaning; various cultures associate different importance with the name parts and the degree to which systems must care about name parts around the world varies widely. Data type HumanName Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: XPN rim: EN (actually, PN) servd: ProviderName v2: NK1-2 rim: name cda: n/a
telecom	I	0..*	ContactPoint	Element id Patient.contact.telecom Short description A contact detail for the person Definition A contact detail for the person, e.g. a telephone number or an email address. Requirements People have (primary) ways to contact them in some way such as phone, email. Comments Contact may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods. May need to have options for contacting the person urgently, and also to help with identification. Data type ContactPoint Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` cpt-2: A system is required if a value is provided. `value.empty() or system.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a v2: XTN rim: TEL servd: ContactPoint v2: NK1-5, NK1-6, NK1-40 rim: telecom cda: n/a
address	I	0..1	Address	Element id Patient.contact.address Short description Address for the contact person Definition Address for the contact person. Requirements Need to keep track where the contact person can be contacted per postal mail or visited. Comments Note: address is intended to describe postal addresses for administrative purposes, not to describe absolute geographical coordinates. Postal addresses are often used as proxies for physical locations (also see the Location resource). Data type Address Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: XAD rim: AD servd: Address v2: NK1-4 rim: addr cda: n/a
gender		0..1	codeBinding	Element id Patient.contact.gender Short description male \| female \| other \| unknown Definition Administrative Gender - the gender that the contact person is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes. Requirements Needed to address the person correctly. Comments Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1,048,576 (10241024) characters in size Data type* code Binding The gender of a person used for administrative purposes. AdministrativeGender (required) Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: NK1-15 rim: player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/administrativeGender cda: n/a
organization	I	0..1	Reference(Organization)	Element id Patient.contact.organization Short description Organization that is associated with the contact Definition Organization on behalf of which the contact is acting or for which the contact is working. Requirements For guardians or business related contacts, the organization is relevant. Comments References SHALL be a reference to an actual FHIR resource, and SHALL be resolvable (allowing for access control, temporary unavailability, etc.). Resolution can be either by retrieval from the URL, or, where applicable by resource type, by treating an absolute reference as a canonical URL and looking it up in a local registry/repository. Data type Reference(Organization) Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided `reference.exists() implies (reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids')) or (reference='#' and %rootResource!=%resource))` ref-2: At least one of reference, identifier and display SHALL be present (unless an extension is provided). `reference.exists() or identifier.exists() or display.exists() or extension.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: The target of a resource reference is a RIM entry point (Act, Role, or Entity) v2: NK1-13, NK1-30, NK1-31, NK1-32, NK1-41 rim: scoper cda: n/a
period	I	0..1	Period	Element id Patient.contact.period Short description The period during which this contact person or organization is valid to be contacted relating to this patient Definition The period during which this contact person or organization is valid to be contacted relating to this patient. Comments A Period specifies a range of time; the context of use will specify whether the entire range applies (e.g. "the patient was an inpatient of the hospital for this time range") or one value from the range applies (e.g. "give to the patient between these two times"). Period is not used for a duration (a measure of elapsed time). See Duration. Data type Period Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` per-1: If present, start SHALL have a lower or equal value than end `start.hasValue().not() or end.hasValue().not() or (start.lowBoundary() <= end.highBoundary())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: DR rim: IVL<TS>[lowClosed="true" and highClosed="true"] or URG<TS>[lowClosed="true" and highClosed="true"] rim: effectiveTime cda: n/a
communication		0..*	BackboneElement	Element id Patient.communication Short description A language which may be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health Definition A language which may be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health. Requirements If a patient does not speak the local language, interpreters may be required, so languages spoken and proficiency are important things to keep track of both for patient and other persons of interest. Comments If no language is specified, this implies that the default local language is spoken. If you need to convey proficiency for multiple modes, then you need multiple Patient.Communication associations. For animals, language is not a relevant field, and should be absent from the instance. If the Patient does not speak the default local language, then the Interpreter Required Standard can be used to explicitly declare that an interpreter is required. Data type BackboneElement Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a rim: LanguageCommunication interface: ParticipantLiving.communication cda: patient.languageCommunication
id		0..1	string	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Patient.communication.id Short description Unique id for inter-element referencing Definition Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. Data type string Mappings rim: n/a
extension	I	0..*	Extension	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Patient.communication.extension Short description Additional content defined by implementations Alternate names extensions, user content Definition May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Comments There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. Data type Extension Sliced: Unordered, Open, by url(Value) Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
modifierExtension	Σ ?! I	0..*	Extension	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Patient.communication.modifierExtension Short description Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Alternate names extensions, user content, modifiers Definition May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). Requirements Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. Comments There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. Data type Extension Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
language		1..1	CodeableConceptBinding	Element id Patient.communication.language Short description The language which can be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health Definition The ISO-639-1 alpha 2 code in lower case for the language, optionally followed by a hyphen and the ISO-3166-1 alpha 2 code for the region in upper case; e.g. "en" for English, or "en-US" for American English versus "en-AU" for Australian English. Requirements Most systems in multilingual countries will want to convey language. Not all systems actually need the regional dialect. Comments The structure aa-BB with this exact casing is one the most widely used notations for locale. However not all systems actually code this but instead have it as free text. Hence CodeableConcept instead of code as the data type. Data type CodeableConcept Binding IETF language tag for a human language AllLanguages (required) Additional bindings: CommonLanguages (starter) Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: CE/CNE/CWE rim: CD orim: fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD v2: PID-15, LAN-2 rim: player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/languageCommunication/code cda: .languageCode
preferred		0..1	boolean	Element id Patient.communication.preferred Short description Language preference indicator Definition Indicates whether or not the patient prefers this language (over other languages he masters up a certain level). Requirements People that master multiple languages up to certain level may prefer one or more, i.e. feel more confident in communicating in a particular language making other languages sort of a fall back method. Comments This language is specifically identified for communicating healthcare information. Data type boolean Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a v2: PID-15 rim: preferenceInd cda: .preferenceInd
generalPractitioner	I	0..*	Reference(Organization \| Practitioner \| PractitionerRole)	Element id Patient.generalPractitioner Short description Patient's nominated primary care provider Alternate names careProvider Definition Patient's nominated care provider. Comments This may be the primary care provider (in a GP context), or it may be a patient nominated care manager in a community/disability setting, or even organization that will provide people to perform the care provider roles. It is not to be used to record Care Teams, these should be in a CareTeam resource that may be linked to the CarePlan or EpisodeOfCare resources. Multiple GPs may be recorded against the patient for various reasons, such as a student that has his home GP listed along with the GP at university during the school semesters, or a "fly-in/fly-out" worker that has the onsite GP also included with his home GP to remain aware of medical issues. Jurisdictions may decide that they can profile this down to 1 if desired, or 1 per type. Data type Reference(Organization \| Practitioner \| PractitionerRole) Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided `reference.exists() implies (reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids')) or (reference='#' and %rootResource!=%resource))` ref-2: At least one of reference, identifier and display SHALL be present (unless an extension is provided). `reference.exists() or identifier.exists() or display.exists() or extension.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: The target of a resource reference is a RIM entry point (Act, Role, or Entity) v2: PD1-4 rim: subjectOf.CareEvent.performer.AssignedEntity cda: n/a
managingOrganization	Σ I	0..1	Reference(Organization)	Element id Patient.managingOrganization Short description Organization that is the custodian of the patient record Definition Organization that is the custodian of the patient record. Requirements Need to know who recognizes this patient record, manages and updates it. Comments There is only one managing organization for a specific patient record. Other organizations will have their own Patient record, and may use the Link property to join the records together (or a Person resource which can include confidence ratings for the association). Data type Reference(Organization) Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided `reference.exists() implies (reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids')) or (reference='#' and %rootResource!=%resource))` ref-2: At least one of reference, identifier and display SHALL be present (unless an extension is provided). `reference.exists() or identifier.exists() or display.exists() or extension.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: The target of a resource reference is a RIM entry point (Act, Role, or Entity) rim: scoper cda: .providerOrganization
link	Σ ?!	0..*	BackboneElement	Element id Patient.link Short description Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual Definition Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual. Requirements There are multiple use cases: Duplicate patient records due to the clerical errors associated with the difficulties of identifying humans consistently, and Distribution of patient information across multiple servers. Comments There is no assumption that linked patient records have mutual links. Data type BackboneElement Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a rim: outboundLink cda: n/a
id		0..1	string	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Patient.link.id Short description Unique id for inter-element referencing Definition Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces. Data type string Mappings rim: n/a
extension	I	0..*	Extension	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Patient.link.extension Short description Additional content defined by implementations Alternate names extensions, user content Definition May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Comments There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. Data type Extension Sliced: Unordered, Open, by url(Value) Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
modifierExtension	Σ ?! I	0..*	Extension	There are no (further) constraints on this element Element id Patient.link.modifierExtension Short description Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized Alternate names extensions, user content, modifiers Definition May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself). Requirements Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions. Comments There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. Data type Extension Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: N/A
other	Σ I	1..1	Reference(Patient \| RelatedPerson)	Element id Patient.link.other Short description The other patient or related person resource that the link refers to Definition Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual. Comments Referencing a RelatedPerson here removes the need to use a Person record to associate a Patient and RelatedPerson as the same individual. Data type Reference(Patient \| RelatedPerson) Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided `reference.exists() implies (reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids')) or (reference='#' and %rootResource!=%resource))` ref-2: At least one of reference, identifier and display SHALL be present (unless an extension is provided). `reference.exists() or identifier.exists() or display.exists() or extension.exists()` Mappings rim: n/a rim: The target of a resource reference is a RIM entry point (Act, Role, or Entity) v2: PID-3, MRG-1 rim: id cda: n/a
type	Σ	1..1	codeBinding	Element id Patient.link.type Short description replaced-by \| replaces \| refer \| seealso Definition The type of link between this patient resource and another patient resource. Comments Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1,048,576 (10241024) characters in size Data type* code Binding The type of link between this patient resource and another Patient resource, or Patient/RelatedPerson when using the `seealso` code LinkType (required) Constraints ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` Mappings rim: n/a rim: typeCode cda: n/a

This is the detailed view:

Patient
Definition	Demographics and other administrative information about an individual or animal receiving care or other health-related services.
Cardinality	0...*
Alias	SubjectOfCare Client Resident
Invariants	dom-2: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources `contained.contained.empty()` dom-4: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated `contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()` dom-3: If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource `contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference \| %resource.descendants().ofType(canonical) \| %resource.descendants().ofType(uri) \| %resource.descendants().ofType(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(ofType(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(ofType(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()` dom-6: A resource should have narrative for robust management text.`div`.exists() dom-5: If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label `contained.meta.security.empty()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: Entity. Role, or Act rim: Entity, Role, or Act w5: administrative.individual rim: Patient[classCode=PAT] interface: ParticipantLiving cda: ClinicalDocument.recordTarget.patientRole
Patient.id
Definition	The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	id
Summary	True
Comments	Within the context of the FHIR RESTful interactions, the resource has an id except for cases like the create and conditional update. Otherwise, the use of the resouce id depends on the given use case.
Patient.meta
Definition	The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	Meta
Summary	True
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: N/A
Patient.implicitRules
Definition	A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	uri
Modifier	True
Summary	True
Comments	Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of its narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a
Patient.language
Definition	The base language in which the resource is written.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	code
Binding	IETF language tag for a human language AllLanguages (required)
Comments	Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a
Patient.text
Definition	A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	Narrative
Alias	narrative, html, xhtml, display
Comments	Contained resources do not have a narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: N/A rim: Act.text?
Patient.contained
Definition	These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, nor can they have their own independent transaction scope. This is allowed to be a Parameters resource if and only if it is referenced by a resource that provides context/meaning.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Resource
Alias	inline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources
Comments	This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags in their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels.
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: Entity. Role, or Act rim: N/A
Patient.extension
Definition	May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Extension
Alias	extensions, user content
Comments	There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Slicing	Unordered, Open, by url(Value)
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: N/A
Patient.modifierExtension
Definition	May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Extension
Modifier	True
Summary	True
Alias	extensions, user content
Requirements	Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Comments	There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Slicing	Unordered, Open, by url(Value)
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: N/A
Patient.identifier
Definition	An identifier for this patient.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Identifier
Summary	True
Requirements	Patients are almost always assigned specific numerical identifiers.
Comments	The rules of the identifier.type determine if a check digit is part of the ID value or sent separately, such as through the checkDigit extension.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ident-1: Identifier with no value has limited utility. If communicating that an identifier value has been suppressed or missing, the value element SHOULD be present with an extension indicating the missing semantic - e.g. data-absent-reason `value.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: CX / EI (occasionally, more often EI maps to a resource id or a URL) rim: II - The Identifier class is a little looser than the v3 type II because it allows URIs as well as registered OIDs or GUIDs. Also maps to Role[classCode=IDENT] servd: Identifier w5: FiveWs.identifier v2: PID-3 rim: id interface: Participant.identifier cda: .id
Patient.active
Definition	Whether this patient record is in active use. Many systems use this property to mark as non-current patients, such as those that have not been seen for a period of time based on an organization's business rules. It is often used to filter patient lists to exclude inactive patients Deceased patients may also be marked as inactive for the same reasons, but may be active for some time after death.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	boolean
Modifier	True
Summary	True
Requirements	Need to be able to mark a patient record as not to be used because it was created in error.
Comments	If a record is inactive, and linked to an active record, then future patient/record updates should occur on the other patient.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a w5: FiveWs.status rim: statusCode interface: Participant.active cda: n/a
Patient.name
Definition	A name associated with the individual.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	HumanName
Summary	True
Requirements	Need to be able to track the patient by multiple names. Examples are your official name and a partner name.
Comments	A patient may have multiple names with different uses or applicable periods. For animals, the name is a "HumanName" in the sense that is assigned and used by humans and has the same patterns. Animal names may be communicated as given names, and optionally may include a family name.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: XPN rim: EN (actually, PN) servd: ProviderName v2: PID-5, PID-9 rim: name interface: Participant.name cda: .patient.name
Patient.telecom
Definition	A contact detail (e.g. a telephone number or an email address) by which the individual may be contacted.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	ContactPoint
Summary	True
Requirements	People have (primary) ways to contact them in some way such as phone, email.
Comments	A Patient may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods. May need to have options for contacting the person urgently and also to help with identification. The address might not go directly to the individual, but may reach another party that is able to proxy for the patient (i.e. home phone, or pet owner's phone).
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` cpt-2: A system is required if a value is provided. `value.empty() or system.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: XTN rim: TEL servd: ContactPoint v2: PID-13, PID-14, PID-40 rim: telecom interface: ParticipantContactable.telecom cda: .telecom
Patient.gender
Definition	Administrative Gender - the gender that the patient is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	code
Binding	The gender of a person used for administrative purposes. AdministrativeGender (required)
Summary	True
Requirements	Needed for identification of the individual, in combination with (at least) name and birth date.
Comments	The gender might not match the biological sex as determined by genetics or the individual's preferred identification. Note that for both humans and particularly animals, there are other legitimate possibilities than male and female, though the vast majority of systems and contexts only support male and female. Systems providing decision support or enforcing business rules should ideally do this on the basis of Observations dealing with the specific sex or gender aspect of interest (anatomical, chromosomal, social, etc.) However, because these observations are infrequently recorded, defaulting to the administrative gender is common practice. Where such defaulting occurs, rule enforcement should allow for the variation between administrative and biological, chromosomal and other gender aspects. For example, an alert about a hysterectomy on a male should be handled as a warning or overridable error, not a "hard" error. See the Patient Gender and Sex section for additional information about communicating patient gender and sex.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: PID-8 rim: player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/administrativeGender interface: ParticipantLiving.gender cda: .patient.administrativeGenderCode
Patient.birthDate
Definition	The date of birth for the individual.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	date
Summary	True
Requirements	Age of the individual drives many clinical processes.
Comments	Partial dates are allowed if the specific date of birth is unknown. There is a standard extension "patient-birthTime" available that should be used where Time is required (such as in maternity/infant care systems).
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: PID-7 rim: player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/birthTime interface: ParticipantLiving.birthDate cda: .patient.birthTime loinc: 21112-8
Patient.deceased[x]
Definition	Indicates if the individual is deceased or not.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	boolean
Modifier	True
Summary	True
Requirements	The fact that a patient is deceased influences the clinical process. Also, in human communication and relation management it is necessary to know whether the person is alive.
Comments	If there's no value in the instance, it means there is no statement on whether or not the individual is deceased. Most systems will interpret the absence of a value as a sign of the person being alive.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: PID-30 (bool) and PID-29 (datetime) rim: player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/deceasedInd, player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/deceasedTime cda: n/a
Patient.address
Definition	An address for the individual.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Address
Summary	True
Requirements	May need to keep track of patient addresses for contacting, billing or reporting requirements and also to help with identification.
Comments	Patient may have multiple addresses with different uses or applicable periods.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: XAD rim: AD servd: Address v2: PID-11 rim: addr interface: ParticipantContactable.address cda: .addr
Patient.maritalStatus
Definition	This field contains a patient's most recent marital (civil) status.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	CodeableConcept
Binding	The domestic partnership status of a person. MaritalStatusCodes (extensible)
Requirements	Most, if not all systems capture it.
Comments	Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: CE/CNE/CWE rim: CD orim: fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD v2: PID-16 rim: player[classCode=PSN]/maritalStatusCode cda: .patient.maritalStatusCode
Patient.multipleBirth[x]
Definition	Indicates whether the patient is part of a multiple (boolean) or indicates the actual birth order (integer).
Cardinality	0...1
Type	boolean
Requirements	For disambiguation of multiple-birth children, especially relevant where the care provider doesn't meet the patient, such as labs.
Comments	Where the valueInteger is provided, the number is the birth number in the sequence. E.g. The middle birth in triplets would be valueInteger=2 and the third born would have valueInteger=3 If a boolean value was provided for this triplets example, then all 3 patient records would have valueBoolean=true (the ordering is not indicated).
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: PID-24 (bool), PID-25 (integer) rim: player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/multipleBirthInd, player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/multipleBirthOrderNumber cda: n/a
Patient.photo
Definition	Image of the patient.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Attachment
Requirements	Many EHR systems have the capability to capture an image of the patient. Fits with newer social media usage too.
Comments	Guidelines: Use id photos, not clinical photos. Limit dimensions to thumbnail. Keep byte count low to ease resource updates.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` att-1: If the Attachment has data, it SHALL have a contentType `data.empty() or contentType.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: ED/RP rim: ED v2: OBX-5 - needs a profile rim: player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/desc interface: ParticipantLiving.photo cda: n/a
Patient.contact
Definition	A contact party (e.g. guardian, partner, friend) for the patient.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	BackboneElement
Requirements	Need to track people you can contact about the patient.
Comments	Contact covers all kinds of contact parties: family members, business contacts, guardians, caregivers. Not applicable to register pedigree and family ties beyond use of having contact.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` pat-1: SHALL at least contain a contact's details or a reference to an organization `name.exists() or telecom.exists() or address.exists() or organization.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/scopedRole[classCode=CON] cda: n/a
Patient.contact.id
Definition	Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	string
Mappings	rim: n/a
Patient.contact.extension
Definition	May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Extension
Alias	extensions, user content
Comments	There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Slicing	Unordered, Open, by url(Value)
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: N/A
Patient.contact.modifierExtension
Definition	May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Extension
Modifier	True
Summary	True
Alias	extensions, user content, modifiers
Requirements	Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Comments	There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: N/A
Patient.contact.relationship
Definition	The nature of the relationship between the patient and the contact person.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	CodeableConcept
Binding	The nature of the relationship between a patient and a contact person for that patient. PatientContactRelationship (extensible)
Requirements	Used to determine which contact person is the most relevant to approach, depending on circumstances.
Comments	Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: CE/CNE/CWE rim: CD orim: fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD v2: NK1-7, NK1-3 rim: code cda: n/a
Patient.contact.name
Definition	A name associated with the contact person.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	HumanName
Requirements	Contact persons need to be identified by name, but it is uncommon to need details about multiple other names for that contact person.
Comments	Names may be changed, or repudiated, or people may have different names in different contexts. Names may be divided into parts of different type that have variable significance depending on context, though the division into parts does not always matter. With personal names, the different parts might or might not be imbued with some implicit meaning; various cultures associate different importance with the name parts and the degree to which systems must care about name parts around the world varies widely.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: XPN rim: EN (actually, PN) servd: ProviderName v2: NK1-2 rim: name cda: n/a
Patient.contact.telecom
Definition	A contact detail for the person, e.g. a telephone number or an email address.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	ContactPoint
Requirements	People have (primary) ways to contact them in some way such as phone, email.
Comments	Contact may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods. May need to have options for contacting the person urgently, and also to help with identification.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` cpt-2: A system is required if a value is provided. `value.empty() or system.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: XTN rim: TEL servd: ContactPoint v2: NK1-5, NK1-6, NK1-40 rim: telecom cda: n/a
Patient.contact.address
Definition	Address for the contact person.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	Address
Requirements	Need to keep track where the contact person can be contacted per postal mail or visited.
Comments	Note: address is intended to describe postal addresses for administrative purposes, not to describe absolute geographical coordinates. Postal addresses are often used as proxies for physical locations (also see the Location resource).
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: XAD rim: AD servd: Address v2: NK1-4 rim: addr cda: n/a
Patient.contact.gender
Definition	Administrative Gender - the gender that the contact person is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	code
Binding	The gender of a person used for administrative purposes. AdministrativeGender (required)
Requirements	Needed to address the person correctly.
Comments	Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1,048,576 (1024*1024) characters in size
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: NK1-15 rim: player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/administrativeGender cda: n/a
Patient.contact.organization
Definition	Organization on behalf of which the contact is acting or for which the contact is working.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	Reference(Organization)
Requirements	For guardians or business related contacts, the organization is relevant.
Comments	References SHALL be a reference to an actual FHIR resource, and SHALL be resolvable (allowing for access control, temporary unavailability, etc.). Resolution can be either by retrieval from the URL, or, where applicable by resource type, by treating an absolute reference as a canonical URL and looking it up in a local registry/repository.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided `reference.exists() implies (reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids')) or (reference='#' and %rootResource!=%resource))` ref-2: At least one of reference, identifier and display SHALL be present (unless an extension is provided). `reference.exists() or identifier.exists() or display.exists() or extension.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: The target of a resource reference is a RIM entry point (Act, Role, or Entity) v2: NK1-13, NK1-30, NK1-31, NK1-32, NK1-41 rim: scoper cda: n/a
Patient.contact.period
Definition	The period during which this contact person or organization is valid to be contacted relating to this patient.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	Period
Comments	A Period specifies a range of time; the context of use will specify whether the entire range applies (e.g. "the patient was an inpatient of the hospital for this time range") or one value from the range applies (e.g. "give to the patient between these two times"). Period is not used for a duration (a measure of elapsed time). See Duration.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` per-1: If present, start SHALL have a lower or equal value than end `start.hasValue().not() or end.hasValue().not() or (start.lowBoundary() <= end.highBoundary())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: DR rim: IVL<TS>[lowClosed="true" and highClosed="true"] or URG<TS>[lowClosed="true" and highClosed="true"] rim: effectiveTime cda: n/a
Patient.communication
Definition	A language which may be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	BackboneElement
Requirements	If a patient does not speak the local language, interpreters may be required, so languages spoken and proficiency are important things to keep track of both for patient and other persons of interest.
Comments	If no language is specified, this implies that the default local language is spoken. If you need to convey proficiency for multiple modes, then you need multiple Patient.Communication associations. For animals, language is not a relevant field, and should be absent from the instance. If the Patient does not speak the default local language, then the Interpreter Required Standard can be used to explicitly declare that an interpreter is required.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: LanguageCommunication interface: ParticipantLiving.communication cda: patient.languageCommunication
Patient.communication.id
Definition	Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	string
Mappings	rim: n/a
Patient.communication.extension
Definition	May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Extension
Alias	extensions, user content
Comments	There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Slicing	Unordered, Open, by url(Value)
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: N/A
Patient.communication.modifierExtension
Definition	May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Extension
Modifier	True
Summary	True
Alias	extensions, user content, modifiers
Requirements	Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Comments	There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: N/A
Patient.communication.language
Definition	The ISO-639-1 alpha 2 code in lower case for the language, optionally followed by a hyphen and the ISO-3166-1 alpha 2 code for the region in upper case; e.g. "en" for English, or "en-US" for American English versus "en-AU" for Australian English.
Cardinality	1...1
Type	CodeableConcept
Binding	IETF language tag for a human language AllLanguages (required)
Requirements	Most systems in multilingual countries will want to convey language. Not all systems actually need the regional dialect.
Comments	The structure aa-BB with this exact casing is one the most widely used notations for locale. However not all systems actually code this but instead have it as free text. Hence CodeableConcept instead of code as the data type.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: CE/CNE/CWE rim: CD orim: fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD v2: PID-15, LAN-2 rim: player[classCode=PSN\|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/languageCommunication/code cda: .languageCode
Patient.communication.preferred
Definition	Indicates whether or not the patient prefers this language (over other languages he masters up a certain level).
Cardinality	0...1
Type	boolean
Requirements	People that master multiple languages up to certain level may prefer one or more, i.e. feel more confident in communicating in a particular language making other languages sort of a fall back method.
Comments	This language is specifically identified for communicating healthcare information.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a v2: PID-15 rim: preferenceInd cda: .preferenceInd
Patient.generalPractitioner
Definition	Patient's nominated care provider.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Reference(Organization \| Practitioner \| PractitionerRole)
Alias	careProvider
Comments	This may be the primary care provider (in a GP context), or it may be a patient nominated care manager in a community/disability setting, or even organization that will provide people to perform the care provider roles. It is not to be used to record Care Teams, these should be in a CareTeam resource that may be linked to the CarePlan or EpisodeOfCare resources. Multiple GPs may be recorded against the patient for various reasons, such as a student that has his home GP listed along with the GP at university during the school semesters, or a "fly-in/fly-out" worker that has the onsite GP also included with his home GP to remain aware of medical issues. Jurisdictions may decide that they can profile this down to 1 if desired, or 1 per type.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided `reference.exists() implies (reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids')) or (reference='#' and %rootResource!=%resource))` ref-2: At least one of reference, identifier and display SHALL be present (unless an extension is provided). `reference.exists() or identifier.exists() or display.exists() or extension.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: The target of a resource reference is a RIM entry point (Act, Role, or Entity) v2: PD1-4 rim: subjectOf.CareEvent.performer.AssignedEntity cda: n/a
Patient.managingOrganization
Definition	Organization that is the custodian of the patient record.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	Reference(Organization)
Summary	True
Requirements	Need to know who recognizes this patient record, manages and updates it.
Comments	There is only one managing organization for a specific patient record. Other organizations will have their own Patient record, and may use the Link property to join the records together (or a Person resource which can include confidence ratings for the association).
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided `reference.exists() implies (reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids')) or (reference='#' and %rootResource!=%resource))` ref-2: At least one of reference, identifier and display SHALL be present (unless an extension is provided). `reference.exists() or identifier.exists() or display.exists() or extension.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: The target of a resource reference is a RIM entry point (Act, Role, or Entity) rim: scoper cda: .providerOrganization
Patient.link
Definition	Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	BackboneElement
Modifier	True
Summary	True
Requirements	There are multiple use cases: Duplicate patient records due to the clerical errors associated with the difficulties of identifying humans consistently, and Distribution of patient information across multiple servers.
Comments	There is no assumption that linked patient records have mutual links.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: outboundLink cda: n/a
Patient.link.id
Definition	Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.
Cardinality	0...1
Type	string
Mappings	rim: n/a
Patient.link.extension
Definition	May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Extension
Alias	extensions, user content
Comments	There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Slicing	Unordered, Open, by url(Value)
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: N/A
Patient.link.modifierExtension
Definition	May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Cardinality	0...*
Type	Extension
Modifier	True
Summary	True
Alias	extensions, user content, modifiers
Requirements	Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.
Comments	There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both `extension.exists() != value.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: N/A
Patient.link.other
Definition	Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual.
Cardinality	1...1
Type	Reference(Patient \| RelatedPerson)
Summary	True
Comments	Referencing a RelatedPerson here removes the need to use a Person record to associate a Patient and RelatedPerson as the same individual.
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())` ref-1: SHALL have a contained resource if a local reference is provided `reference.exists() implies (reference.startsWith('#').not() or (reference.substring(1).trace('url') in %rootResource.contained.id.trace('ids')) or (reference='#' and %rootResource!=%resource))` ref-2: At least one of reference, identifier and display SHALL be present (unless an extension is provided). `reference.exists() or identifier.exists() or display.exists() or extension.exists()`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: The target of a resource reference is a RIM entry point (Act, Role, or Entity) v2: PID-3, MRG-1 rim: id cda: n/a
Patient.link.type
Definition	The type of link between this patient resource and another patient resource.
Cardinality	1...1
Type	code
Binding	The type of link between this patient resource and another Patient resource, or Patient/RelatedPerson when using the `seealso` code LinkType (required)
Summary	True
Comments	Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1,048,576 (1024*1024) characters in size
Invariants	ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children `hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())`
Mappings	rim: n/a rim: typeCode cda: n/a

This is the resource in XML:

<StructureDefinition xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
    <id value="Patient" />
    <meta>
        <lastUpdated value="2023-03-26T15:21:02.749+11:00" />
    </meta>
    <text>
        <status value="generated" />
        --- We have skipped the narrative for better readability of the resource ---
    </text>
    <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-category">
        <valueString value="Base.Individuals" />
    </extension>
    <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-standards-status">
        <valueCode value="normative" />
    </extension>
    <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-normative-version">
        <valueCode value="4.0.0" />
    </extension>
    <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fmm">
        <valueInteger value="5" />
    </extension>
    <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-security-category">
        <valueCode value="patient" />
    </extension>
    <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-wg">
        <valueCode value="pa" />
    </extension>
    <url value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Patient" />
    <version value="5.0.0" />
    <name value="Patient" />
    <status value="active" />
    <experimental value="false" />
    <date value="2023-03-26T15:21:02+11:00" />
    <publisher value="Health Level Seven International (Patient Administration)" />
    <contact>
        <telecom>
            <system value="url" />
            <value value="http://hl7.org/fhir" />
        </telecom>
    </contact>
    <contact>
        <telecom>
            <system value="url" />
            <value value="http://www.hl7.org/Special/committees/pafm/index.cfm" />
        </telecom>
    </contact>
    <description value="Demographics and other administrative information about an individual or animal receiving care or other health-related services." />
    <jurisdiction>
        <coding>
            <system value="http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm" />
            <code value="001" />
            <display value="World" />
        </coding>
    </jurisdiction>
    <purpose value="Tracking patient is the center of the healthcare process." />
    <fhirVersion value="5.0.0" />
    <mapping>
        <identity value="w5" />
        <uri value="http://hl7.org/fhir/fivews" />
        <name value="FiveWs Pattern Mapping" />
    </mapping>
    <mapping>
        <identity value="rim" />
        <uri value="http://hl7.org/v3" />
        <name value="RIM Mapping" />
    </mapping>
    <mapping>
        <identity value="interface" />
        <uri value="http://hl7.org/fhir/interface" />
        <name value="Interface Pattern" />
    </mapping>
    <mapping>
        <identity value="cda" />
        <uri value="http://hl7.org/v3/cda" />
        <name value="CDA (R2)" />
    </mapping>
    <mapping>
        <identity value="v2" />
        <uri value="http://hl7.org/v2" />
        <name value="HL7 V2 Mapping" />
    </mapping>
    <mapping>
        <identity value="loinc" />
        <uri value="http://loinc.org" />
        <name value="LOINC code for the element" />
    </mapping>
    <kind value="resource" />
    <abstract value="false" />
    <type value="Patient" />
    <baseDefinition value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource" />
    <derivation value="specialization" />
    <snapshot>
        <element id="Patient">
            <path value="Patient" />
            <short value="Information about an individual or animal receiving health care services" />
            <definition value="Demographics and other administrative information about an individual or animal receiving care or other health-related services." />
            <alias value="SubjectOfCare Client Resident" />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <constraint>
                <key value="dom-2" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources" />
                <expression value="contained.contained.empty()" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource" />
            </constraint>
            <constraint>
                <key value="dom-3" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource" />
                <expression value="contained.where(((&#39;#&#39;+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().ofType(canonical) | %resource.descendants().ofType(uri) | %resource.descendants().ofType(url))) or descendants().where(reference = &#39;#&#39;).exists() or descendants().where(ofType(canonical) = &#39;#&#39;).exists() or descendants().where(ofType(canonical) = &#39;#&#39;).exists()).not()).trace(&#39;unmatched&#39;, id).empty()" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource" />
            </constraint>
            <constraint>
                <key value="dom-4" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated" />
                <expression value="contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource" />
            </constraint>
            <constraint>
                <key value="dom-5" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label" />
                <expression value="contained.meta.security.empty()" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource" />
            </constraint>
            <constraint>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bestpractice">
                    <valueBoolean value="true" />
                </extension>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bestpractice-explanation">
                    <valueMarkdown value="When a resource has no narrative, only systems that fully understand the data can display the resource to a human safely. Including a human readable representation in the resource makes for a much more robust eco-system and cheaper handling of resources by intermediary systems. Some ecosystems restrict distribution of resources to only those systems that do fully understand the resources, and as a consequence implementers may believe that the narrative is superfluous. However experience shows that such eco-systems often open up to new participants over time." />
                </extension>
                <key value="dom-6" />
                <severity value="warning" />
                <human value="A resource should have narrative for robust management" />
                <expression value="text.`div`.exists()" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="Entity, Role, or Act,Patient[classCode=PAT]" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="w5" />
                <map value="administrative.individual" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="ParticipantLiving" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="ClinicalDocument.recordTarget.patientRole" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.id">
            <path value="Patient.id" />
            <short value="Logical id of this artifact" />
            <definition value="The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes." />
            <comment value="Within the context of the FHIR RESTful interactions, the resource has an id except for cases like the create and conditional update. Otherwise, the use of the resouce id depends on the given use case." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Resource.id" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type">
                    <valueUrl value="id" />
                </extension>
                <code value="http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.meta">
            <path value="Patient.meta" />
            <short value="Metadata about the resource" />
            <definition value="The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Resource.meta" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Meta" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.implicitRules">
            <path value="Patient.implicitRules" />
            <short value="A set of rules under which this content was created" />
            <definition value="A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc." />
            <comment value="Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of its narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Resource.implicitRules" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="uri" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="true" />
            <isModifierReason value="This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies its meaning or interpretation" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.language">
            <path value="Patient.language" />
            <short value="Language of the resource content" />
            <definition value="The base language in which the resource is written." />
            <comment value="Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies  to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute)." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Resource.language" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="code" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <binding>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
                    <valueString value="Language" />
                </extension>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding">
                    <valueBoolean value="true" />
                </extension>
                <strength value="required" />
                <description value="IETF language tag for a human language" />
                <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/all-languages|5.0.0" />
                <additional>
                    <purpose value="starter" />
                    <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages" />
                </additional>
            </binding>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.text">
            <path value="Patient.text" />
            <short value="Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation" />
            <definition value="A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it &quot;clinically safe&quot; for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety." />
            <comment value="Contained resources do not have a narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied).  This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a &quot;text blob&quot; or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later." />
            <alias value="narrative" />
            <alias value="html" />
            <alias value="xhtml" />
            <alias value="display" />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="DomainResource.text" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Narrative" />
            </type>
            <condition value="dom-6" />
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="Act.text?" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contained">
            <path value="Patient.contained" />
            <short value="Contained, inline Resources" />
            <definition value="These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, nor can they have their own independent transaction scope. This is allowed to be a Parameters resource if and only if it is referenced by a resource that provides context/meaning." />
            <comment value="This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags in their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels." />
            <alias value="inline resources" />
            <alias value="anonymous resources" />
            <alias value="contained resources" />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="DomainResource.contained" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Resource" />
            </type>
            <condition value="dom-2" />
            <condition value="dom-4" />
            <condition value="dom-3" />
            <condition value="dom-5" />
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="N/A" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.extension">
            <path value="Patient.extension" />
            <short value="Additional content defined by implementations" />
            <definition value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension." />
            <comment value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone." />
            <alias value="extensions" />
            <alias value="user content" />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="DomainResource.extension" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Extension" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ext-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="Must have either extensions or value[x], not both" />
                <expression value="extension.exists() != value.exists()" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="N/A" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.modifierExtension">
            <path value="Patient.modifierExtension" />
            <short value="Extensions that cannot be ignored" />
            <definition value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element&#39;s descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.\n\nModifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself)." />
            <comment value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone." />
            <requirements value="Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](extensibility.html#modifierExtension)." />
            <alias value="extensions" />
            <alias value="user content" />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="DomainResource.modifierExtension" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Extension" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ext-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="Must have either extensions or value[x], not both" />
                <expression value="extension.exists() != value.exists()" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="true" />
            <isModifierReason value="Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="N/A" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.identifier">
            <path value="Patient.identifier" />
            <short value="An identifier for this patient" />
            <definition value="An identifier for this patient." />
            <requirements value="Patients are almost always assigned specific numerical identifiers." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.identifier" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Identifier" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="w5" />
                <map value="FiveWs.identifier" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-3" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="id" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="Participant.identifier" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".id" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.active">
            <path value="Patient.active" />
            <short value="Whether this patient&#39;s record is in active use" />
            <definition value="Whether this patient record is in active use. \nMany systems use this property to mark as non-current patients, such as those that have not been seen for a period of time based on an organization&#39;s business rules.\n\nIt is often used to filter patient lists to exclude inactive patients\n\nDeceased patients may also be marked as inactive for the same reasons, but may be active for some time after death." />
            <comment value="If a record is inactive, and linked to an active record, then future patient/record updates should occur on the other patient." />
            <requirements value="Need to be able to mark a patient record as not to be used because it was created in error." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.active" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="boolean" />
            </type>
            <meaningWhenMissing value="This resource is generally assumed to be active if no value is provided for the active element" />
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="true" />
            <isModifierReason value="This element is labelled as a modifier because it is a status element that can indicate that a record should not be treated as valid" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="w5" />
                <map value="FiveWs.status" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="statusCode" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="Participant.active" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.name">
            <path value="Patient.name" />
            <short value="A name associated with the patient" />
            <definition value="A name associated with the individual." />
            <comment value="A patient may have multiple names with different uses or applicable periods. For animals, the name is a &quot;HumanName&quot; in the sense that is assigned and used by humans and has the same patterns. Animal names may be communicated as given names, and optionally may include a family name." />
            <requirements value="Need to be able to track the patient by multiple names. Examples are your official name and a partner name." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.name" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="HumanName" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-5, PID-9" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="name" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="Participant.name" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".patient.name" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.telecom">
            <path value="Patient.telecom" />
            <short value="A contact detail for the individual" />
            <definition value="A contact detail (e.g. a telephone number or an email address) by which the individual may be contacted." />
            <comment value="A Patient may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods.  May need to have options for contacting the person urgently and also to help with identification. The address might not go directly to the individual, but may reach another party that is able to proxy for the patient (i.e. home phone, or pet owner&#39;s phone)." />
            <requirements value="People have (primary) ways to contact them in some way such as phone, email." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.telecom" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="ContactPoint" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-13, PID-14, PID-40" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="telecom" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="ParticipantContactable.telecom" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".telecom" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.gender">
            <path value="Patient.gender" />
            <short value="male | female | other | unknown" />
            <definition value="Administrative Gender - the gender that the patient is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes." />
            <comment value="The gender might not match the biological sex as determined by genetics or the individual&#39;s preferred identification. Note that for both humans and particularly animals, there are other legitimate possibilities than male and female, though the vast majority of systems and contexts only support male and female.  Systems providing decision support or enforcing business rules should ideally do this on the basis of Observations dealing with the specific sex or gender aspect of interest (anatomical, chromosomal, social, etc.)  However, because these observations are infrequently recorded, defaulting to the administrative gender is common practice.  Where such defaulting occurs, rule enforcement should allow for the variation between administrative and biological, chromosomal and other gender aspects.  For example, an alert about a hysterectomy on a male should be handled as a warning or overridable error, not a &quot;hard&quot; error.  See the Patient Gender and Sex section for additional information about communicating patient gender and sex." />
            <requirements value="Needed for identification of the individual, in combination with (at least) name and birth date." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.gender" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="code" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <binding>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
                    <valueString value="AdministrativeGender" />
                </extension>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding">
                    <valueBoolean value="true" />
                </extension>
                <strength value="required" />
                <description value="The gender of a person used for administrative purposes." />
                <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|5.0.0" />
            </binding>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-8" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/administrativeGender" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="ParticipantLiving.gender" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".patient.administrativeGenderCode" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.birthDate">
            <path value="Patient.birthDate" />
            <short value="The date of birth for the individual" />
            <definition value="The date of birth for the individual." />
            <comment value="Partial dates are allowed if the specific date of birth is unknown. There is a standard extension &quot;patient-birthTime&quot; available that should be used where Time is required (such as in maternity/infant care systems)." />
            <requirements value="Age of the individual drives many clinical processes." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.birthDate" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="date" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-7" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/birthTime" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="ParticipantLiving.birthDate" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".patient.birthTime" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="loinc" />
                <map value="21112-8" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.deceased[x]">
            <path value="Patient.deceased[x]" />
            <short value="Indicates if the individual is deceased or not" />
            <definition value="Indicates if the individual is deceased or not." />
            <comment value="If there&#39;s no value in the instance, it means there is no statement on whether or not the individual is deceased. Most systems will interpret the absence of a value as a sign of the person being alive." />
            <requirements value="The fact that a patient is deceased influences the clinical process. Also, in human communication and relation management it is necessary to know whether the person is alive." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.deceased[x]" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="boolean" />
            </type>
            <type>
                <code value="dateTime" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="true" />
            <isModifierReason value="This element is labeled as a modifier because once a patient is marked as deceased, the actions that are appropriate to perform on the patient may be significantly different." />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-30  (bool) and PID-29 (datetime)" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/deceasedInd, player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/deceasedTime" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.address">
            <path value="Patient.address" />
            <short value="An address for the individual" />
            <definition value="An address for the individual." />
            <comment value="Patient may have multiple addresses with different uses or applicable periods." />
            <requirements value="May need to keep track of patient addresses for contacting, billing or reporting requirements and also to help with identification." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.address" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Address" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-11" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="addr" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="ParticipantContactable.address" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".addr" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.maritalStatus">
            <path value="Patient.maritalStatus" />
            <short value="Marital (civil) status of a patient" />
            <definition value="This field contains a patient&#39;s most recent marital (civil) status." />
            <requirements value="Most, if not all systems capture it." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.maritalStatus" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="CodeableConcept" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <binding>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
                    <valueString value="MaritalStatus" />
                </extension>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding">
                    <valueBoolean value="true" />
                </extension>
                <strength value="extensible" />
                <description value="The domestic partnership status of a person." />
                <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/marital-status" />
            </binding>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-16" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="player[classCode=PSN]/maritalStatusCode" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".patient.maritalStatusCode" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.multipleBirth[x]">
            <path value="Patient.multipleBirth[x]" />
            <short value="Whether patient is part of a multiple birth" />
            <definition value="Indicates whether the patient is part of a multiple (boolean) or indicates the actual birth order (integer)." />
            <comment value="Where the valueInteger is provided, the number is the birth number in the sequence. E.g. The middle birth in triplets would be valueInteger=2 and the third born would have valueInteger=3 If a boolean value was provided for this triplets example, then all 3 patient records would have valueBoolean=true (the ordering is not indicated)." />
            <requirements value="For disambiguation of multiple-birth children, especially relevant where the care provider doesn&#39;t meet the patient, such as labs." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.multipleBirth[x]" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="boolean" />
            </type>
            <type>
                <code value="integer" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-24 (bool), PID-25 (integer)" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/multipleBirthInd,  player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/multipleBirthOrderNumber" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.photo">
            <path value="Patient.photo" />
            <short value="Image of the patient" />
            <definition value="Image of the patient." />
            <comment value="Guidelines:\n* Use id photos, not clinical photos.\n* Limit dimensions to thumbnail.\n* Keep byte count low to ease resource updates." />
            <requirements value="Many EHR systems have the capability to capture an image of the patient. Fits with newer social media usage too." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.photo" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Attachment" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="OBX-5 - needs a profile" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/desc" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="ParticipantLiving.photo" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact">
            <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-explicit-type-name">
                <valueString value="Contact" />
            </extension>
            <path value="Patient.contact" />
            <short value="A contact party (e.g. guardian, partner, friend) for the patient" />
            <definition value="A contact party (e.g. guardian, partner, friend) for the patient." />
            <comment value="Contact covers all kinds of contact parties: family members, business contacts, guardians, caregivers. Not applicable to register pedigree and family ties beyond use of having contact." />
            <requirements value="Need to track people you can contact about the patient." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.contact" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="BackboneElement" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <constraint>
                <key value="pat-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="SHALL at least contain a contact&#39;s details or a reference to an organization" />
                <expression value="name.exists() or telecom.exists() or address.exists() or organization.exists()" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Patient" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/scopedRole[classCode=CON]" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact.id">
            <path value="Patient.contact.id" />
            <representation value="xmlAttr" />
            <short value="Unique id for inter-element referencing" />
            <definition value="Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Element.id" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type">
                    <valueUrl value="string" />
                </extension>
                <code value="http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String" />
            </type>
            <condition value="ele-1" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact.extension">
            <path value="Patient.contact.extension" />
            <short value="Additional content defined by implementations" />
            <definition value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension." />
            <comment value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone." />
            <alias value="extensions" />
            <alias value="user content" />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="Element.extension" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Extension" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ext-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="Must have either extensions or value[x], not both" />
                <expression value="extension.exists() != value.exists()" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension" />
            </constraint>
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact.modifierExtension">
            <path value="Patient.contact.modifierExtension" />
            <short value="Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized" />
            <definition value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element&#39;s descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.\n\nModifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself)." />
            <comment value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone." />
            <requirements value="Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](extensibility.html#modifierExtension)." />
            <alias value="extensions" />
            <alias value="user content" />
            <alias value="modifiers" />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="BackboneElement.modifierExtension" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Extension" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ext-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="Must have either extensions or value[x], not both" />
                <expression value="extension.exists() != value.exists()" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension" />
            </constraint>
            <isModifier value="true" />
            <isModifierReason value="Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="N/A" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact.relationship">
            <path value="Patient.contact.relationship" />
            <short value="The kind of relationship" />
            <definition value="The nature of the relationship between the patient and the contact person." />
            <requirements value="Used to determine which contact person is the most relevant to approach, depending on circumstances." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.contact.relationship" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="CodeableConcept" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <binding>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
                    <valueString value="ContactRelationship" />
                </extension>
                <strength value="extensible" />
                <description value="The nature of the relationship between a patient and a contact person for that patient." />
                <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/patient-contactrelationship" />
            </binding>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="NK1-7, NK1-3" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="code" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact.name">
            <path value="Patient.contact.name" />
            <short value="A name associated with the contact person" />
            <definition value="A name associated with the contact person." />
            <requirements value="Contact persons need to be identified by name, but it is uncommon to need details about multiple other names for that contact person." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.contact.name" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="HumanName" />
            </type>
            <condition value="pat-1" />
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="NK1-2" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="name" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact.telecom">
            <path value="Patient.contact.telecom" />
            <short value="A contact detail for the person" />
            <definition value="A contact detail for the person, e.g. a telephone number or an email address." />
            <comment value="Contact may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods.  May need to have options for contacting the person urgently, and also to help with identification." />
            <requirements value="People have (primary) ways to contact them in some way such as phone, email." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.contact.telecom" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="ContactPoint" />
            </type>
            <condition value="pat-1" />
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="NK1-5, NK1-6, NK1-40" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="telecom" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact.address">
            <path value="Patient.contact.address" />
            <short value="Address for the contact person" />
            <definition value="Address for the contact person." />
            <requirements value="Need to keep track where the contact person can be contacted per postal mail or visited." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.contact.address" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Address" />
            </type>
            <condition value="pat-1" />
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="NK1-4" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="addr" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact.gender">
            <path value="Patient.contact.gender" />
            <short value="male | female | other | unknown" />
            <definition value="Administrative Gender - the gender that the contact person is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes." />
            <requirements value="Needed to address the person correctly." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.contact.gender" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="code" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <binding>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
                    <valueString value="AdministrativeGender" />
                </extension>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding">
                    <valueBoolean value="true" />
                </extension>
                <strength value="required" />
                <description value="The gender of a person used for administrative purposes." />
                <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|5.0.0" />
            </binding>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="NK1-15" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/administrativeGender" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact.organization">
            <path value="Patient.contact.organization" />
            <short value="Organization that is associated with the contact" />
            <definition value="Organization on behalf of which the contact is acting or for which the contact is working." />
            <requirements value="For guardians or business related contacts, the organization is relevant." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.contact.organization" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Reference" />
                <targetProfile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Organization" />
            </type>
            <condition value="pat-1" />
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="NK1-13, NK1-30, NK1-31, NK1-32, NK1-41" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="scoper" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact.period">
            <path value="Patient.contact.period" />
            <short value="The period during which this contact person or organization is valid to be contacted relating to this patient" />
            <definition value="The period during which this contact person or organization is valid to be contacted relating to this patient." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.contact.period" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Period" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="effectiveTime" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.communication">
            <path value="Patient.communication" />
            <short value="A language which may be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health" />
            <definition value="A language which may be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health." />
            <comment value="If no language is specified, this *implies* that the default local language is spoken.  If you need to convey proficiency for multiple modes, then you need multiple Patient.Communication associations.   For animals, language is not a relevant field, and should be absent from the instance. If the Patient does not speak the default local language, then the Interpreter Required Standard can be used to explicitly declare that an interpreter is required." />
            <requirements value="If a patient does not speak the local language, interpreters may be required, so languages spoken and proficiency are important things to keep track of both for patient and other persons of interest." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.communication" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="BackboneElement" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="LanguageCommunication" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="ParticipantLiving.communication" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="patient.languageCommunication" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.communication.id">
            <path value="Patient.communication.id" />
            <representation value="xmlAttr" />
            <short value="Unique id for inter-element referencing" />
            <definition value="Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Element.id" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type">
                    <valueUrl value="string" />
                </extension>
                <code value="http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String" />
            </type>
            <condition value="ele-1" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.communication.extension">
            <path value="Patient.communication.extension" />
            <short value="Additional content defined by implementations" />
            <definition value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension." />
            <comment value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone." />
            <alias value="extensions" />
            <alias value="user content" />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="Element.extension" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Extension" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ext-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="Must have either extensions or value[x], not both" />
                <expression value="extension.exists() != value.exists()" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension" />
            </constraint>
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.communication.modifierExtension">
            <path value="Patient.communication.modifierExtension" />
            <short value="Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized" />
            <definition value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element&#39;s descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.\n\nModifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself)." />
            <comment value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone." />
            <requirements value="Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](extensibility.html#modifierExtension)." />
            <alias value="extensions" />
            <alias value="user content" />
            <alias value="modifiers" />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="BackboneElement.modifierExtension" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Extension" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ext-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="Must have either extensions or value[x], not both" />
                <expression value="extension.exists() != value.exists()" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension" />
            </constraint>
            <isModifier value="true" />
            <isModifierReason value="Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="N/A" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.communication.language">
            <path value="Patient.communication.language" />
            <short value="The language which can be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health" />
            <definition value="The ISO-639-1 alpha 2 code in lower case for the language, optionally followed by a hyphen and the ISO-3166-1 alpha 2 code for the region in upper case; e.g. &quot;en&quot; for English, or &quot;en-US&quot; for American English versus &quot;en-AU&quot; for Australian English." />
            <comment value="The structure aa-BB with this exact casing is one the most widely used notations for locale. However not all systems actually code this but instead have it as free text. Hence CodeableConcept instead of code as the data type." />
            <requirements value="Most systems in multilingual countries will want to convey language. Not all systems actually need the regional dialect." />
            <min value="1" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.communication.language" />
                <min value="1" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="CodeableConcept" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <binding>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
                    <valueString value="Language" />
                </extension>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding">
                    <valueBoolean value="true" />
                </extension>
                <strength value="required" />
                <description value="IETF language tag for a human language" />
                <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/all-languages|5.0.0" />
                <additional>
                    <purpose value="starter" />
                    <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages" />
                </additional>
            </binding>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-15, LAN-2" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/languageCommunication/code" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".languageCode" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.communication.preferred">
            <path value="Patient.communication.preferred" />
            <short value="Language preference indicator" />
            <definition value="Indicates whether or not the patient prefers this language (over other languages he masters up a certain level)." />
            <comment value="This language is specifically identified for communicating healthcare information." />
            <requirements value="People that master multiple languages up to certain level may prefer one or more, i.e. feel more confident in communicating in a particular language making other languages sort of a fall back method." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.communication.preferred" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="boolean" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-15" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="preferenceInd" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".preferenceInd" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.generalPractitioner">
            <path value="Patient.generalPractitioner" />
            <short value="Patient&#39;s nominated primary care provider" />
            <definition value="Patient&#39;s nominated care provider." />
            <comment value="This may be the primary care provider (in a GP context), or it may be a patient nominated care manager in a community/disability setting, or even organization that will provide people to perform the care provider roles.  It is not to be used to record Care Teams, these should be in a CareTeam resource that may be linked to the CarePlan or EpisodeOfCare resources.\nMultiple GPs may be recorded against the patient for various reasons, such as a student that has his home GP listed along with the GP at university during the school semesters, or a &quot;fly-in/fly-out&quot; worker that has the onsite GP also included with his home GP to remain aware of medical issues.\n\nJurisdictions may decide that they can profile this down to 1 if desired, or 1 per type." />
            <alias value="careProvider" />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.generalPractitioner" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Reference" />
                <targetProfile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Organization" />
                <targetProfile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Practitioner" />
                <targetProfile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/PractitionerRole" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PD1-4" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="subjectOf.CareEvent.performer.AssignedEntity" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.managingOrganization">
            <path value="Patient.managingOrganization" />
            <short value="Organization that is the custodian of the patient record" />
            <definition value="Organization that is the custodian of the patient record." />
            <comment value="There is only one managing organization for a specific patient record. Other organizations will have their own Patient record, and may use the Link property to join the records together (or a Person resource which can include confidence ratings for the association)." />
            <requirements value="Need to know who recognizes this patient record, manages and updates it." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.managingOrganization" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Reference" />
                <targetProfile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Organization" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="scoper" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".providerOrganization" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.link">
            <path value="Patient.link" />
            <short value="Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual" />
            <definition value="Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual." />
            <comment value="There is no assumption that linked patient records have mutual links." />
            <requirements value="There are multiple use cases:   \n\n* Duplicate patient records due to the clerical errors associated with the difficulties of identifying humans consistently, and \n* Distribution of patient information across multiple servers." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.link" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="BackboneElement" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="true" />
            <isModifierReason value="This element is labeled as a modifier because it might not be the main Patient resource, and the referenced patient should be used instead of this Patient record. This is when the link.type value is &#39;replaced-by&#39;" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="outboundLink" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.link.id">
            <path value="Patient.link.id" />
            <representation value="xmlAttr" />
            <short value="Unique id for inter-element referencing" />
            <definition value="Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Element.id" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type">
                    <valueUrl value="string" />
                </extension>
                <code value="http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String" />
            </type>
            <condition value="ele-1" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.link.extension">
            <path value="Patient.link.extension" />
            <short value="Additional content defined by implementations" />
            <definition value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension." />
            <comment value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone." />
            <alias value="extensions" />
            <alias value="user content" />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="Element.extension" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Extension" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ext-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="Must have either extensions or value[x], not both" />
                <expression value="extension.exists() != value.exists()" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension" />
            </constraint>
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.link.modifierExtension">
            <path value="Patient.link.modifierExtension" />
            <short value="Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized" />
            <definition value="May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element&#39;s descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.\n\nModifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself)." />
            <comment value="There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone." />
            <requirements value="Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](extensibility.html#modifierExtension)." />
            <alias value="extensions" />
            <alias value="user content" />
            <alias value="modifiers" />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <base>
                <path value="BackboneElement.modifierExtension" />
                <min value="0" />
                <max value="*" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="Extension" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ext-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="Must have either extensions or value[x], not both" />
                <expression value="extension.exists() != value.exists()" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension" />
            </constraint>
            <isModifier value="true" />
            <isModifierReason value="Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="N/A" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.link.other">
            <path value="Patient.link.other" />
            <short value="The other patient or related person resource that the link refers to" />
            <definition value="Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual." />
            <comment value="Referencing a RelatedPerson here removes the need to use a Person record to associate a Patient and RelatedPerson as the same individual." />
            <min value="1" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.link.other" />
                <min value="1" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-hierarchy">
                    <valueBoolean value="false" />
                </extension>
                <code value="Reference" />
                <targetProfile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Patient" />
                <targetProfile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/RelatedPerson" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-3, MRG-1" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="id" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.link.type">
            <path value="Patient.link.type" />
            <short value="replaced-by | replaces | refer | seealso" />
            <definition value="The type of link between this patient resource and another patient resource." />
            <min value="1" />
            <max value="1" />
            <base>
                <path value="Patient.link.type" />
                <min value="1" />
                <max value="1" />
            </base>
            <type>
                <code value="code" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="ele-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="All FHIR elements must have a @value or children" />
                <expression value="hasValue() or (children().count() &gt; id.count())" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <binding>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
                    <valueString value="LinkType" />
                </extension>
                <strength value="required" />
                <description value="The type of link between this patient resource and another Patient resource, or Patient/RelatedPerson when using the `seealso` code" />
                <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/link-type|5.0.0" />
            </binding>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="typeCode" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
    </snapshot>
    <differential>
        <element id="Patient">
            <path value="Patient" />
            <short value="Information about an individual or animal receiving health care services" />
            <definition value="Demographics and other administrative information about an individual or animal receiving care or other health-related services." />
            <alias value="SubjectOfCare Client Resident" />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="w5" />
                <map value="administrative.individual" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="Patient[classCode=PAT]" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="ParticipantLiving" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="ClinicalDocument.recordTarget.patientRole" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.identifier">
            <path value="Patient.identifier" />
            <short value="An identifier for this patient" />
            <definition value="An identifier for this patient." />
            <requirements value="Patients are almost always assigned specific numerical identifiers." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <type>
                <code value="Identifier" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="w5" />
                <map value="FiveWs.identifier" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-3" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="id" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="Participant.identifier" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".id" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.active">
            <path value="Patient.active" />
            <short value="Whether this patient&#39;s record is in active use" />
            <definition value="Whether this patient record is in active use. \nMany systems use this property to mark as non-current patients, such as those that have not been seen for a period of time based on an organization&#39;s business rules.\n\nIt is often used to filter patient lists to exclude inactive patients\n\nDeceased patients may also be marked as inactive for the same reasons, but may be active for some time after death." />
            <comment value="If a record is inactive, and linked to an active record, then future patient/record updates should occur on the other patient." />
            <requirements value="Need to be able to mark a patient record as not to be used because it was created in error." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <type>
                <code value="boolean" />
            </type>
            <meaningWhenMissing value="This resource is generally assumed to be active if no value is provided for the active element" />
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="true" />
            <isModifierReason value="This element is labelled as a modifier because it is a status element that can indicate that a record should not be treated as valid" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="w5" />
                <map value="FiveWs.status" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="statusCode" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="Participant.active" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.name">
            <path value="Patient.name" />
            <short value="A name associated with the patient" />
            <definition value="A name associated with the individual." />
            <comment value="A patient may have multiple names with different uses or applicable periods. For animals, the name is a &quot;HumanName&quot; in the sense that is assigned and used by humans and has the same patterns. Animal names may be communicated as given names, and optionally may include a family name." />
            <requirements value="Need to be able to track the patient by multiple names. Examples are your official name and a partner name." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <type>
                <code value="HumanName" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-5, PID-9" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="name" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="Participant.name" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".patient.name" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.telecom">
            <path value="Patient.telecom" />
            <short value="A contact detail for the individual" />
            <definition value="A contact detail (e.g. a telephone number or an email address) by which the individual may be contacted." />
            <comment value="A Patient may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods.  May need to have options for contacting the person urgently and also to help with identification. The address might not go directly to the individual, but may reach another party that is able to proxy for the patient (i.e. home phone, or pet owner&#39;s phone)." />
            <requirements value="People have (primary) ways to contact them in some way such as phone, email." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <type>
                <code value="ContactPoint" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-13, PID-14, PID-40" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="telecom" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="ParticipantContactable.telecom" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".telecom" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.gender">
            <path value="Patient.gender" />
            <short value="male | female | other | unknown" />
            <definition value="Administrative Gender - the gender that the patient is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes." />
            <comment value="The gender might not match the biological sex as determined by genetics or the individual&#39;s preferred identification. Note that for both humans and particularly animals, there are other legitimate possibilities than male and female, though the vast majority of systems and contexts only support male and female.  Systems providing decision support or enforcing business rules should ideally do this on the basis of Observations dealing with the specific sex or gender aspect of interest (anatomical, chromosomal, social, etc.)  However, because these observations are infrequently recorded, defaulting to the administrative gender is common practice.  Where such defaulting occurs, rule enforcement should allow for the variation between administrative and biological, chromosomal and other gender aspects.  For example, an alert about a hysterectomy on a male should be handled as a warning or overridable error, not a &quot;hard&quot; error.  See the Patient Gender and Sex section for additional information about communicating patient gender and sex." />
            <requirements value="Needed for identification of the individual, in combination with (at least) name and birth date." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <type>
                <code value="code" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <binding>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
                    <valueString value="AdministrativeGender" />
                </extension>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding">
                    <valueBoolean value="true" />
                </extension>
                <strength value="required" />
                <description value="The gender of a person used for administrative purposes." />
                <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|5.0.0" />
            </binding>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-8" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/administrativeGender" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="ParticipantLiving.gender" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".patient.administrativeGenderCode" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.birthDate">
            <path value="Patient.birthDate" />
            <short value="The date of birth for the individual" />
            <definition value="The date of birth for the individual." />
            <comment value="Partial dates are allowed if the specific date of birth is unknown. There is a standard extension &quot;patient-birthTime&quot; available that should be used where Time is required (such as in maternity/infant care systems)." />
            <requirements value="Age of the individual drives many clinical processes." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <type>
                <code value="date" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-7" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/birthTime" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="ParticipantLiving.birthDate" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".patient.birthTime" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="loinc" />
                <map value="21112-8" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.deceased[x]">
            <path value="Patient.deceased[x]" />
            <short value="Indicates if the individual is deceased or not" />
            <definition value="Indicates if the individual is deceased or not." />
            <comment value="If there&#39;s no value in the instance, it means there is no statement on whether or not the individual is deceased. Most systems will interpret the absence of a value as a sign of the person being alive." />
            <requirements value="The fact that a patient is deceased influences the clinical process. Also, in human communication and relation management it is necessary to know whether the person is alive." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <type>
                <code value="boolean" />
            </type>
            <type>
                <code value="dateTime" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="true" />
            <isModifierReason value="This element is labeled as a modifier because once a patient is marked as deceased, the actions that are appropriate to perform on the patient may be significantly different." />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-30  (bool) and PID-29 (datetime)" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/deceasedInd, player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/deceasedTime" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.address">
            <path value="Patient.address" />
            <short value="An address for the individual" />
            <definition value="An address for the individual." />
            <comment value="Patient may have multiple addresses with different uses or applicable periods." />
            <requirements value="May need to keep track of patient addresses for contacting, billing or reporting requirements and also to help with identification." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <type>
                <code value="Address" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-11" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="addr" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="ParticipantContactable.address" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".addr" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.maritalStatus">
            <path value="Patient.maritalStatus" />
            <short value="Marital (civil) status of a patient" />
            <definition value="This field contains a patient&#39;s most recent marital (civil) status." />
            <requirements value="Most, if not all systems capture it." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <type>
                <code value="CodeableConcept" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <binding>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
                    <valueString value="MaritalStatus" />
                </extension>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding">
                    <valueBoolean value="true" />
                </extension>
                <strength value="extensible" />
                <description value="The domestic partnership status of a person." />
                <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/marital-status" />
            </binding>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-16" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="player[classCode=PSN]/maritalStatusCode" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".patient.maritalStatusCode" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.multipleBirth[x]">
            <path value="Patient.multipleBirth[x]" />
            <short value="Whether patient is part of a multiple birth" />
            <definition value="Indicates whether the patient is part of a multiple (boolean) or indicates the actual birth order (integer)." />
            <comment value="Where the valueInteger is provided, the number is the birth number in the sequence. E.g. The middle birth in triplets would be valueInteger=2 and the third born would have valueInteger=3 If a boolean value was provided for this triplets example, then all 3 patient records would have valueBoolean=true (the ordering is not indicated)." />
            <requirements value="For disambiguation of multiple-birth children, especially relevant where the care provider doesn&#39;t meet the patient, such as labs." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <type>
                <code value="boolean" />
            </type>
            <type>
                <code value="integer" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-24 (bool), PID-25 (integer)" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/multipleBirthInd,  player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/multipleBirthOrderNumber" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.photo">
            <path value="Patient.photo" />
            <short value="Image of the patient" />
            <definition value="Image of the patient." />
            <comment value="Guidelines:\n* Use id photos, not clinical photos.\n* Limit dimensions to thumbnail.\n* Keep byte count low to ease resource updates." />
            <requirements value="Many EHR systems have the capability to capture an image of the patient. Fits with newer social media usage too." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <type>
                <code value="Attachment" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="OBX-5 - needs a profile" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/desc" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="ParticipantLiving.photo" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact">
            <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-explicit-type-name">
                <valueString value="Contact" />
            </extension>
            <path value="Patient.contact" />
            <short value="A contact party (e.g. guardian, partner, friend) for the patient" />
            <definition value="A contact party (e.g. guardian, partner, friend) for the patient." />
            <comment value="Contact covers all kinds of contact parties: family members, business contacts, guardians, caregivers. Not applicable to register pedigree and family ties beyond use of having contact." />
            <requirements value="Need to track people you can contact about the patient." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <type>
                <code value="BackboneElement" />
            </type>
            <constraint>
                <key value="pat-1" />
                <severity value="error" />
                <human value="SHALL at least contain a contact&#39;s details or a reference to an organization" />
                <expression value="name.exists() or telecom.exists() or address.exists() or organization.exists()" />
                <source value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Patient" />
            </constraint>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/scopedRole[classCode=CON]" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact.relationship">
            <path value="Patient.contact.relationship" />
            <short value="The kind of relationship" />
            <definition value="The nature of the relationship between the patient and the contact person." />
            <requirements value="Used to determine which contact person is the most relevant to approach, depending on circumstances." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <type>
                <code value="CodeableConcept" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <binding>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
                    <valueString value="ContactRelationship" />
                </extension>
                <strength value="extensible" />
                <description value="The nature of the relationship between a patient and a contact person for that patient." />
                <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/patient-contactrelationship" />
            </binding>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="NK1-7, NK1-3" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="code" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact.name">
            <path value="Patient.contact.name" />
            <short value="A name associated with the contact person" />
            <definition value="A name associated with the contact person." />
            <requirements value="Contact persons need to be identified by name, but it is uncommon to need details about multiple other names for that contact person." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <type>
                <code value="HumanName" />
            </type>
            <condition value="pat-1" />
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="NK1-2" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="name" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact.telecom">
            <path value="Patient.contact.telecom" />
            <short value="A contact detail for the person" />
            <definition value="A contact detail for the person, e.g. a telephone number or an email address." />
            <comment value="Contact may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods.  May need to have options for contacting the person urgently, and also to help with identification." />
            <requirements value="People have (primary) ways to contact them in some way such as phone, email." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <type>
                <code value="ContactPoint" />
            </type>
            <condition value="pat-1" />
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="NK1-5, NK1-6, NK1-40" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="telecom" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact.address">
            <path value="Patient.contact.address" />
            <short value="Address for the contact person" />
            <definition value="Address for the contact person." />
            <requirements value="Need to keep track where the contact person can be contacted per postal mail or visited." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <type>
                <code value="Address" />
            </type>
            <condition value="pat-1" />
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="NK1-4" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="addr" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact.gender">
            <path value="Patient.contact.gender" />
            <short value="male | female | other | unknown" />
            <definition value="Administrative Gender - the gender that the contact person is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes." />
            <requirements value="Needed to address the person correctly." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <type>
                <code value="code" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <binding>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
                    <valueString value="AdministrativeGender" />
                </extension>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding">
                    <valueBoolean value="true" />
                </extension>
                <strength value="required" />
                <description value="The gender of a person used for administrative purposes." />
                <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|5.0.0" />
            </binding>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="NK1-15" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/administrativeGender" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact.organization">
            <path value="Patient.contact.organization" />
            <short value="Organization that is associated with the contact" />
            <definition value="Organization on behalf of which the contact is acting or for which the contact is working." />
            <requirements value="For guardians or business related contacts, the organization is relevant." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <type>
                <code value="Reference" />
                <targetProfile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Organization" />
            </type>
            <condition value="pat-1" />
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="NK1-13, NK1-30, NK1-31, NK1-32, NK1-41" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="scoper" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.contact.period">
            <path value="Patient.contact.period" />
            <short value="The period during which this contact person or organization is valid to be contacted relating to this patient" />
            <definition value="The period during which this contact person or organization is valid to be contacted relating to this patient." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <type>
                <code value="Period" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="effectiveTime" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.communication">
            <path value="Patient.communication" />
            <short value="A language which may be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health" />
            <definition value="A language which may be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health." />
            <comment value="If no language is specified, this *implies* that the default local language is spoken.  If you need to convey proficiency for multiple modes, then you need multiple Patient.Communication associations.   For animals, language is not a relevant field, and should be absent from the instance. If the Patient does not speak the default local language, then the Interpreter Required Standard can be used to explicitly declare that an interpreter is required." />
            <requirements value="If a patient does not speak the local language, interpreters may be required, so languages spoken and proficiency are important things to keep track of both for patient and other persons of interest." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <type>
                <code value="BackboneElement" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="LanguageCommunication" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="interface" />
                <map value="ParticipantLiving.communication" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="patient.languageCommunication" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.communication.language">
            <path value="Patient.communication.language" />
            <short value="The language which can be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health" />
            <definition value="The ISO-639-1 alpha 2 code in lower case for the language, optionally followed by a hyphen and the ISO-3166-1 alpha 2 code for the region in upper case; e.g. &quot;en&quot; for English, or &quot;en-US&quot; for American English versus &quot;en-AU&quot; for Australian English." />
            <comment value="The structure aa-BB with this exact casing is one the most widely used notations for locale. However not all systems actually code this but instead have it as free text. Hence CodeableConcept instead of code as the data type." />
            <requirements value="Most systems in multilingual countries will want to convey language. Not all systems actually need the regional dialect." />
            <min value="1" />
            <max value="1" />
            <type>
                <code value="CodeableConcept" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <binding>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
                    <valueString value="Language" />
                </extension>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding">
                    <valueBoolean value="true" />
                </extension>
                <strength value="required" />
                <description value="IETF language tag for a human language" />
                <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/all-languages|5.0.0" />
                <additional>
                    <purpose value="starter" />
                    <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages" />
                </additional>
            </binding>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-15, LAN-2" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/languageCommunication/code" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".languageCode" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.communication.preferred">
            <path value="Patient.communication.preferred" />
            <short value="Language preference indicator" />
            <definition value="Indicates whether or not the patient prefers this language (over other languages he masters up a certain level)." />
            <comment value="This language is specifically identified for communicating healthcare information." />
            <requirements value="People that master multiple languages up to certain level may prefer one or more, i.e. feel more confident in communicating in a particular language making other languages sort of a fall back method." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <type>
                <code value="boolean" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-15" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="preferenceInd" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".preferenceInd" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.generalPractitioner">
            <path value="Patient.generalPractitioner" />
            <short value="Patient&#39;s nominated primary care provider" />
            <definition value="Patient&#39;s nominated care provider." />
            <comment value="This may be the primary care provider (in a GP context), or it may be a patient nominated care manager in a community/disability setting, or even organization that will provide people to perform the care provider roles.  It is not to be used to record Care Teams, these should be in a CareTeam resource that may be linked to the CarePlan or EpisodeOfCare resources.\nMultiple GPs may be recorded against the patient for various reasons, such as a student that has his home GP listed along with the GP at university during the school semesters, or a &quot;fly-in/fly-out&quot; worker that has the onsite GP also included with his home GP to remain aware of medical issues.\n\nJurisdictions may decide that they can profile this down to 1 if desired, or 1 per type." />
            <alias value="careProvider" />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <type>
                <code value="Reference" />
                <targetProfile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Organization" />
                <targetProfile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Practitioner" />
                <targetProfile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/PractitionerRole" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="false" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PD1-4" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="subjectOf.CareEvent.performer.AssignedEntity" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.managingOrganization">
            <path value="Patient.managingOrganization" />
            <short value="Organization that is the custodian of the patient record" />
            <definition value="Organization that is the custodian of the patient record." />
            <comment value="There is only one managing organization for a specific patient record. Other organizations will have their own Patient record, and may use the Link property to join the records together (or a Person resource which can include confidence ratings for the association)." />
            <requirements value="Need to know who recognizes this patient record, manages and updates it." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="1" />
            <type>
                <code value="Reference" />
                <targetProfile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Organization" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="scoper" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value=".providerOrganization" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.link">
            <path value="Patient.link" />
            <short value="Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual" />
            <definition value="Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual." />
            <comment value="There is no assumption that linked patient records have mutual links." />
            <requirements value="There are multiple use cases:   \n\n* Duplicate patient records due to the clerical errors associated with the difficulties of identifying humans consistently, and \n* Distribution of patient information across multiple servers." />
            <min value="0" />
            <max value="*" />
            <type>
                <code value="BackboneElement" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="true" />
            <isModifierReason value="This element is labeled as a modifier because it might not be the main Patient resource, and the referenced patient should be used instead of this Patient record. This is when the link.type value is &#39;replaced-by&#39;" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="outboundLink" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.link.other">
            <path value="Patient.link.other" />
            <short value="The other patient or related person resource that the link refers to" />
            <definition value="Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual." />
            <comment value="Referencing a RelatedPerson here removes the need to use a Person record to associate a Patient and RelatedPerson as the same individual." />
            <min value="1" />
            <max value="1" />
            <type>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-hierarchy">
                    <valueBoolean value="false" />
                </extension>
                <code value="Reference" />
                <targetProfile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Patient" />
                <targetProfile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/RelatedPerson" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <mapping>
                <identity value="v2" />
                <map value="PID-3, MRG-1" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="id" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
        <element id="Patient.link.type">
            <path value="Patient.link.type" />
            <short value="replaced-by | replaces | refer | seealso" />
            <definition value="The type of link between this patient resource and another patient resource." />
            <min value="1" />
            <max value="1" />
            <type>
                <code value="code" />
            </type>
            <mustSupport value="false" />
            <isModifier value="false" />
            <isSummary value="true" />
            <binding>
                <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName">
                    <valueString value="LinkType" />
                </extension>
                <strength value="required" />
                <description value="The type of link between this patient resource and another Patient resource, or Patient/RelatedPerson when using the `seealso` code" />
                <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/link-type|5.0.0" />
            </binding>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="rim" />
                <map value="typeCode" />
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <identity value="cda" />
                <map value="n/a" />
            </mapping>
        </element>
    </differential>
</StructureDefinition>

This is the resource in JSON:

{
    "resourceType": "StructureDefinition",
    "id": "Patient",
    "meta": {
        "lastUpdated": "2023-03-26T15:21:02.749+11:00"
    },
    "text": {
        "status": "generated",
        --- We have skipped the narrative for better readability of the resource ---
    },
    "extension":  [
        {
            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-category",
            "valueString": "Base.Individuals"
        },
        {
            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-standards-status",
            "valueCode": "normative"
        },
        {
            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-normative-version",
            "valueCode": "4.0.0"
        },
        {
            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fmm",
            "valueInteger": 5
        },
        {
            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-security-category",
            "valueCode": "patient"
        },
        {
            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-wg",
            "valueCode": "pa"
        }
    ],
    "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Patient",
    "version": "5.0.0",
    "name": "Patient",
    "status": "active",
    "experimental": false,
    "date": "2023-03-26T15:21:02+11:00",
    "publisher": "Health Level Seven International (Patient Administration)",
    "contact":  [
        {
            "telecom":  [
                {
                    "system": "url",
                    "value": "http://hl7.org/fhir"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "telecom":  [
                {
                    "system": "url",
                    "value": "http://www.hl7.org/Special/committees/pafm/index.cfm"
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "description": "Demographics and other administrative information about an individual or animal receiving care or other health-related services.",
    "jurisdiction":  [
        {
            "coding":  [
                {
                    "system": "http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm",
                    "code": "001",
                    "display": "World"
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "purpose": "Tracking patient is the center of the healthcare process.",
    "fhirVersion": "5.0.0",
    "mapping":  [
        {
            "identity": "w5",
            "uri": "http://hl7.org/fhir/fivews",
            "name": "FiveWs Pattern Mapping"
        },
        {
            "identity": "rim",
            "uri": "http://hl7.org/v3",
            "name": "RIM Mapping"
        },
        {
            "identity": "interface",
            "uri": "http://hl7.org/fhir/interface",
            "name": "Interface Pattern"
        },
        {
            "identity": "cda",
            "uri": "http://hl7.org/v3/cda",
            "name": "CDA (R2)"
        },
        {
            "identity": "v2",
            "uri": "http://hl7.org/v2",
            "name": "HL7 V2 Mapping"
        },
        {
            "identity": "loinc",
            "uri": "http://loinc.org",
            "name": "LOINC code for the element"
        }
    ],
    "kind": "resource",
    "abstract": false,
    "type": "Patient",
    "baseDefinition": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource",
    "derivation": "specialization",
    "snapshot": {
        "element":  [
            {
                "id": "Patient",
                "path": "Patient",
                "short": "Information about an individual or animal receiving health care services",
                "definition": "Demographics and other administrative information about an individual or animal receiving care or other health-related services.",
                "alias":  [
                    "SubjectOfCare Client Resident"
                ],
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "dom-2",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT contain nested Resources",
                        "expression": "contained.contained.empty()",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "dom-3",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "If the resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL be referred to from elsewhere in the resource or SHALL refer to the containing resource",
                        "expression": "contained.where((('#'+id in (%resource.descendants().reference | %resource.descendants().ofType(canonical) | %resource.descendants().ofType(uri) | %resource.descendants().ofType(url))) or descendants().where(reference = '#').exists() or descendants().where(ofType(canonical) = '#').exists() or descendants().where(ofType(canonical) = '#').exists()).not()).trace('unmatched', id).empty()",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "dom-4",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a meta.versionId or a meta.lastUpdated",
                        "expression": "contained.meta.versionId.empty() and contained.meta.lastUpdated.empty()",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "dom-5",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "If a resource is contained in another resource, it SHALL NOT have a security label",
                        "expression": "contained.meta.security.empty()",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource"
                    },
                    {
                        "extension":  [
                            {
                                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bestpractice",
                                "valueBoolean": true
                            },
                            {
                                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bestpractice-explanation",
                                "valueMarkdown": "When a resource has no narrative, only systems that fully understand the data can display the resource to a human safely. Including a human readable representation in the resource makes for a much more robust eco-system and cheaper handling of resources by intermediary systems. Some ecosystems restrict distribution of resources to only those systems that do fully understand the resources, and as a consequence implementers may believe that the narrative is superfluous. However experience shows that such eco-systems often open up to new participants over time."
                            }
                        ],
                        "key": "dom-6",
                        "severity": "warning",
                        "human": "A resource should have narrative for robust management",
                        "expression": "text.`div`.exists()",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DomainResource"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "Entity, Role, or Act,Patient[classCode=PAT]"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "w5",
                        "map": "administrative.individual"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "ParticipantLiving"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "ClinicalDocument.recordTarget.patientRole"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.id",
                "path": "Patient.id",
                "short": "Logical id of this artifact",
                "definition": "The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.",
                "comment": "Within the context of the FHIR RESTful interactions, the resource has an id except for cases like the create and conditional update. Otherwise, the use of the resouce id depends on the given use case.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Resource.id",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "extension":  [
                            {
                                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                                "valueUrl": "id"
                            }
                        ],
                        "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.meta",
                "path": "Patient.meta",
                "short": "Metadata about the resource",
                "definition": "The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Resource.meta",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Meta"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.implicitRules",
                "path": "Patient.implicitRules",
                "short": "A set of rules under which this content was created",
                "definition": "A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.",
                "comment": "Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of its narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Resource.implicitRules",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "uri"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": true,
                "isModifierReason": "This element is labeled as a modifier because the implicit rules may provide additional knowledge about the resource that modifies its meaning or interpretation",
                "isSummary": true
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.language",
                "path": "Patient.language",
                "short": "Language of the resource content",
                "definition": "The base language in which the resource is written.",
                "comment": "Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies  to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Resource.language",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "code"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "binding": {
                    "extension":  [
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
                            "valueString": "Language"
                        },
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding",
                            "valueBoolean": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "strength": "required",
                    "description": "IETF language tag for a human language",
                    "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/all-languages|5.0.0",
                    "additional":  [
                        {
                            "purpose": "starter",
                            "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.text",
                "path": "Patient.text",
                "short": "Text summary of the resource, for human interpretation",
                "definition": "A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it \"clinically safe\" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.",
                "comment": "Contained resources do not have a narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied).  This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a \"text blob\" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later.",
                "alias":  [
                    "narrative",
                    "html",
                    "xhtml",
                    "display"
                ],
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "DomainResource.text",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Narrative"
                    }
                ],
                "condition":  [
                    "dom-6"
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "Act.text?"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contained",
                "path": "Patient.contained",
                "short": "Contained, inline Resources",
                "definition": "These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, nor can they have their own independent transaction scope. This is allowed to be a Parameters resource if and only if it is referenced by a resource that provides context/meaning.",
                "comment": "This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags in their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels.",
                "alias":  [
                    "inline resources",
                    "anonymous resources",
                    "contained resources"
                ],
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "DomainResource.contained",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Resource"
                    }
                ],
                "condition":  [
                    "dom-2",
                    "dom-4",
                    "dom-3",
                    "dom-5"
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "N/A"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.extension",
                "path": "Patient.extension",
                "short": "Additional content defined by implementations",
                "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
                "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
                "alias":  [
                    "extensions",
                    "user content"
                ],
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "DomainResource.extension",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Extension"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ext-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                        "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "N/A"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.modifierExtension",
                "path": "Patient.modifierExtension",
                "short": "Extensions that cannot be ignored",
                "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.\n\nModifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).",
                "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
                "requirements": "Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](extensibility.html#modifierExtension).",
                "alias":  [
                    "extensions",
                    "user content"
                ],
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "DomainResource.modifierExtension",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Extension"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ext-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                        "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": true,
                "isModifierReason": "Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the resource that contains them",
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "N/A"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.identifier",
                "path": "Patient.identifier",
                "short": "An identifier for this patient",
                "definition": "An identifier for this patient.",
                "requirements": "Patients are almost always assigned specific numerical identifiers.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.identifier",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Identifier"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "w5",
                        "map": "FiveWs.identifier"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-3"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "id"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "Participant.identifier"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".id"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.active",
                "path": "Patient.active",
                "short": "Whether this patient's record is in active use",
                "definition": "Whether this patient record is in active use. \nMany systems use this property to mark as non-current patients, such as those that have not been seen for a period of time based on an organization's business rules.\n\nIt is often used to filter patient lists to exclude inactive patients\n\nDeceased patients may also be marked as inactive for the same reasons, but may be active for some time after death.",
                "comment": "If a record is inactive, and linked to an active record, then future patient/record updates should occur on the other patient.",
                "requirements": "Need to be able to mark a patient record as not to be used because it was created in error.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.active",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "boolean"
                    }
                ],
                "meaningWhenMissing": "This resource is generally assumed to be active if no value is provided for the active element",
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": true,
                "isModifierReason": "This element is labelled as a modifier because it is a status element that can indicate that a record should not be treated as valid",
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "w5",
                        "map": "FiveWs.status"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "statusCode"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "Participant.active"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.name",
                "path": "Patient.name",
                "short": "A name associated with the patient",
                "definition": "A name associated with the individual.",
                "comment": "A patient may have multiple names with different uses or applicable periods. For animals, the name is a \"HumanName\" in the sense that is assigned and used by humans and has the same patterns. Animal names may be communicated as given names, and optionally may include a family name.",
                "requirements": "Need to be able to track the patient by multiple names. Examples are your official name and a partner name.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.name",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "HumanName"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-5, PID-9"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "name"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "Participant.name"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".patient.name"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.telecom",
                "path": "Patient.telecom",
                "short": "A contact detail for the individual",
                "definition": "A contact detail (e.g. a telephone number or an email address) by which the individual may be contacted.",
                "comment": "A Patient may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods.  May need to have options for contacting the person urgently and also to help with identification. The address might not go directly to the individual, but may reach another party that is able to proxy for the patient (i.e. home phone, or pet owner's phone).",
                "requirements": "People have (primary) ways to contact them in some way such as phone, email.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.telecom",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "ContactPoint"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-13, PID-14, PID-40"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "telecom"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "ParticipantContactable.telecom"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".telecom"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.gender",
                "path": "Patient.gender",
                "short": "male | female | other | unknown",
                "definition": "Administrative Gender - the gender that the patient is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes.",
                "comment": "The gender might not match the biological sex as determined by genetics or the individual's preferred identification. Note that for both humans and particularly animals, there are other legitimate possibilities than male and female, though the vast majority of systems and contexts only support male and female.  Systems providing decision support or enforcing business rules should ideally do this on the basis of Observations dealing with the specific sex or gender aspect of interest (anatomical, chromosomal, social, etc.)  However, because these observations are infrequently recorded, defaulting to the administrative gender is common practice.  Where such defaulting occurs, rule enforcement should allow for the variation between administrative and biological, chromosomal and other gender aspects.  For example, an alert about a hysterectomy on a male should be handled as a warning or overridable error, not a \"hard\" error.  See the Patient Gender and Sex section for additional information about communicating patient gender and sex.",
                "requirements": "Needed for identification of the individual, in combination with (at least) name and birth date.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.gender",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "code"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true,
                "binding": {
                    "extension":  [
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
                            "valueString": "AdministrativeGender"
                        },
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding",
                            "valueBoolean": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "strength": "required",
                    "description": "The gender of a person used for administrative purposes.",
                    "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|5.0.0"
                },
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-8"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/administrativeGender"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "ParticipantLiving.gender"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".patient.administrativeGenderCode"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.birthDate",
                "path": "Patient.birthDate",
                "short": "The date of birth for the individual",
                "definition": "The date of birth for the individual.",
                "comment": "Partial dates are allowed if the specific date of birth is unknown. There is a standard extension \"patient-birthTime\" available that should be used where Time is required (such as in maternity/infant care systems).",
                "requirements": "Age of the individual drives many clinical processes.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.birthDate",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "date"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-7"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/birthTime"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "ParticipantLiving.birthDate"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".patient.birthTime"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "loinc",
                        "map": "21112-8"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.deceased[x]",
                "path": "Patient.deceased[x]",
                "short": "Indicates if the individual is deceased or not",
                "definition": "Indicates if the individual is deceased or not.",
                "comment": "If there's no value in the instance, it means there is no statement on whether or not the individual is deceased. Most systems will interpret the absence of a value as a sign of the person being alive.",
                "requirements": "The fact that a patient is deceased influences the clinical process. Also, in human communication and relation management it is necessary to know whether the person is alive.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.deceased[x]",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "boolean"
                    },
                    {
                        "code": "dateTime"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": true,
                "isModifierReason": "This element is labeled as a modifier because once a patient is marked as deceased, the actions that are appropriate to perform on the patient may be significantly different.",
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-30  (bool) and PID-29 (datetime)"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/deceasedInd, player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/deceasedTime"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.address",
                "path": "Patient.address",
                "short": "An address for the individual",
                "definition": "An address for the individual.",
                "comment": "Patient may have multiple addresses with different uses or applicable periods.",
                "requirements": "May need to keep track of patient addresses for contacting, billing or reporting requirements and also to help with identification.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.address",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Address"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-11"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "addr"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "ParticipantContactable.address"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".addr"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.maritalStatus",
                "path": "Patient.maritalStatus",
                "short": "Marital (civil) status of a patient",
                "definition": "This field contains a patient's most recent marital (civil) status.",
                "requirements": "Most, if not all systems capture it.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.maritalStatus",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "CodeableConcept"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "binding": {
                    "extension":  [
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
                            "valueString": "MaritalStatus"
                        },
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding",
                            "valueBoolean": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "strength": "extensible",
                    "description": "The domestic partnership status of a person.",
                    "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/marital-status"
                },
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-16"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "player[classCode=PSN]/maritalStatusCode"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".patient.maritalStatusCode"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.multipleBirth[x]",
                "path": "Patient.multipleBirth[x]",
                "short": "Whether patient is part of a multiple birth",
                "definition": "Indicates whether the patient is part of a multiple (boolean) or indicates the actual birth order (integer).",
                "comment": "Where the valueInteger is provided, the number is the birth number in the sequence. E.g. The middle birth in triplets would be valueInteger=2 and the third born would have valueInteger=3 If a boolean value was provided for this triplets example, then all 3 patient records would have valueBoolean=true (the ordering is not indicated).",
                "requirements": "For disambiguation of multiple-birth children, especially relevant where the care provider doesn't meet the patient, such as labs.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.multipleBirth[x]",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "boolean"
                    },
                    {
                        "code": "integer"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-24 (bool), PID-25 (integer)"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/multipleBirthInd,  player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/multipleBirthOrderNumber"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.photo",
                "path": "Patient.photo",
                "short": "Image of the patient",
                "definition": "Image of the patient.",
                "comment": "Guidelines:\n* Use id photos, not clinical photos.\n* Limit dimensions to thumbnail.\n* Keep byte count low to ease resource updates.",
                "requirements": "Many EHR systems have the capability to capture an image of the patient. Fits with newer social media usage too.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.photo",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Attachment"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "OBX-5 - needs a profile"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/desc"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "ParticipantLiving.photo"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact",
                "extension":  [
                    {
                        "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-explicit-type-name",
                        "valueString": "Contact"
                    }
                ],
                "path": "Patient.contact",
                "short": "A contact party (e.g. guardian, partner, friend) for the patient",
                "definition": "A contact party (e.g. guardian, partner, friend) for the patient.",
                "comment": "Contact covers all kinds of contact parties: family members, business contacts, guardians, caregivers. Not applicable to register pedigree and family ties beyond use of having contact.",
                "requirements": "Need to track people you can contact about the patient.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.contact",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "BackboneElement"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "pat-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "SHALL at least contain a contact's details or a reference to an organization",
                        "expression": "name.exists() or telecom.exists() or address.exists() or organization.exists()",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Patient"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/scopedRole[classCode=CON]"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact.id",
                "path": "Patient.contact.id",
                "representation":  [
                    "xmlAttr"
                ],
                "short": "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
                "definition": "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Element.id",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "extension":  [
                            {
                                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                                "valueUrl": "string"
                            }
                        ],
                        "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
                    }
                ],
                "condition":  [
                    "ele-1"
                ],
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact.extension",
                "path": "Patient.contact.extension",
                "short": "Additional content defined by implementations",
                "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
                "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
                "alias":  [
                    "extensions",
                    "user content"
                ],
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Element.extension",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Extension"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ext-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                        "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
                    }
                ],
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact.modifierExtension",
                "path": "Patient.contact.modifierExtension",
                "short": "Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized",
                "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.\n\nModifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).",
                "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
                "requirements": "Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](extensibility.html#modifierExtension).",
                "alias":  [
                    "extensions",
                    "user content",
                    "modifiers"
                ],
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "BackboneElement.modifierExtension",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Extension"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ext-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                        "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
                    }
                ],
                "isModifier": true,
                "isModifierReason": "Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them",
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "N/A"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact.relationship",
                "path": "Patient.contact.relationship",
                "short": "The kind of relationship",
                "definition": "The nature of the relationship between the patient and the contact person.",
                "requirements": "Used to determine which contact person is the most relevant to approach, depending on circumstances.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.contact.relationship",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "CodeableConcept"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "binding": {
                    "extension":  [
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
                            "valueString": "ContactRelationship"
                        }
                    ],
                    "strength": "extensible",
                    "description": "The nature of the relationship between a patient and a contact person for that patient.",
                    "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/patient-contactrelationship"
                },
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "NK1-7, NK1-3"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "code"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact.name",
                "path": "Patient.contact.name",
                "short": "A name associated with the contact person",
                "definition": "A name associated with the contact person.",
                "requirements": "Contact persons need to be identified by name, but it is uncommon to need details about multiple other names for that contact person.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.contact.name",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "HumanName"
                    }
                ],
                "condition":  [
                    "pat-1"
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "NK1-2"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "name"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact.telecom",
                "path": "Patient.contact.telecom",
                "short": "A contact detail for the person",
                "definition": "A contact detail for the person, e.g. a telephone number or an email address.",
                "comment": "Contact may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods.  May need to have options for contacting the person urgently, and also to help with identification.",
                "requirements": "People have (primary) ways to contact them in some way such as phone, email.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.contact.telecom",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "ContactPoint"
                    }
                ],
                "condition":  [
                    "pat-1"
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "NK1-5, NK1-6, NK1-40"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "telecom"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact.address",
                "path": "Patient.contact.address",
                "short": "Address for the contact person",
                "definition": "Address for the contact person.",
                "requirements": "Need to keep track where the contact person can be contacted per postal mail or visited.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.contact.address",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Address"
                    }
                ],
                "condition":  [
                    "pat-1"
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "NK1-4"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "addr"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact.gender",
                "path": "Patient.contact.gender",
                "short": "male | female | other | unknown",
                "definition": "Administrative Gender - the gender that the contact person is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes.",
                "requirements": "Needed to address the person correctly.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.contact.gender",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "code"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "binding": {
                    "extension":  [
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
                            "valueString": "AdministrativeGender"
                        },
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding",
                            "valueBoolean": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "strength": "required",
                    "description": "The gender of a person used for administrative purposes.",
                    "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|5.0.0"
                },
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "NK1-15"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/administrativeGender"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact.organization",
                "path": "Patient.contact.organization",
                "short": "Organization that is associated with the contact",
                "definition": "Organization on behalf of which the contact is acting or for which the contact is working.",
                "requirements": "For guardians or business related contacts, the organization is relevant.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.contact.organization",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Reference",
                        "targetProfile":  [
                            "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Organization"
                        ]
                    }
                ],
                "condition":  [
                    "pat-1"
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "NK1-13, NK1-30, NK1-31, NK1-32, NK1-41"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "scoper"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact.period",
                "path": "Patient.contact.period",
                "short": "The period during which this contact person or organization is valid to be contacted relating to this patient",
                "definition": "The period during which this contact person or organization is valid to be contacted relating to this patient.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.contact.period",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Period"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "effectiveTime"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.communication",
                "path": "Patient.communication",
                "short": "A language which may be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health",
                "definition": "A language which may be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health.",
                "comment": "If no language is specified, this *implies* that the default local language is spoken.  If you need to convey proficiency for multiple modes, then you need multiple Patient.Communication associations.   For animals, language is not a relevant field, and should be absent from the instance. If the Patient does not speak the default local language, then the Interpreter Required Standard can be used to explicitly declare that an interpreter is required.",
                "requirements": "If a patient does not speak the local language, interpreters may be required, so languages spoken and proficiency are important things to keep track of both for patient and other persons of interest.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.communication",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "BackboneElement"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "LanguageCommunication"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "ParticipantLiving.communication"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "patient.languageCommunication"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.communication.id",
                "path": "Patient.communication.id",
                "representation":  [
                    "xmlAttr"
                ],
                "short": "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
                "definition": "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Element.id",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "extension":  [
                            {
                                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                                "valueUrl": "string"
                            }
                        ],
                        "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
                    }
                ],
                "condition":  [
                    "ele-1"
                ],
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.communication.extension",
                "path": "Patient.communication.extension",
                "short": "Additional content defined by implementations",
                "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
                "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
                "alias":  [
                    "extensions",
                    "user content"
                ],
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Element.extension",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Extension"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ext-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                        "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
                    }
                ],
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.communication.modifierExtension",
                "path": "Patient.communication.modifierExtension",
                "short": "Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized",
                "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.\n\nModifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).",
                "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
                "requirements": "Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](extensibility.html#modifierExtension).",
                "alias":  [
                    "extensions",
                    "user content",
                    "modifiers"
                ],
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "BackboneElement.modifierExtension",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Extension"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ext-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                        "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
                    }
                ],
                "isModifier": true,
                "isModifierReason": "Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them",
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "N/A"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.communication.language",
                "path": "Patient.communication.language",
                "short": "The language which can be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health",
                "definition": "The ISO-639-1 alpha 2 code in lower case for the language, optionally followed by a hyphen and the ISO-3166-1 alpha 2 code for the region in upper case; e.g. \"en\" for English, or \"en-US\" for American English versus \"en-AU\" for Australian English.",
                "comment": "The structure aa-BB with this exact casing is one the most widely used notations for locale. However not all systems actually code this but instead have it as free text. Hence CodeableConcept instead of code as the data type.",
                "requirements": "Most systems in multilingual countries will want to convey language. Not all systems actually need the regional dialect.",
                "min": 1,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.communication.language",
                    "min": 1,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "CodeableConcept"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "binding": {
                    "extension":  [
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
                            "valueString": "Language"
                        },
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding",
                            "valueBoolean": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "strength": "required",
                    "description": "IETF language tag for a human language",
                    "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/all-languages|5.0.0",
                    "additional":  [
                        {
                            "purpose": "starter",
                            "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-15, LAN-2"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/languageCommunication/code"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".languageCode"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.communication.preferred",
                "path": "Patient.communication.preferred",
                "short": "Language preference indicator",
                "definition": "Indicates whether or not the patient prefers this language (over other languages he masters up a certain level).",
                "comment": "This language is specifically identified for communicating healthcare information.",
                "requirements": "People that master multiple languages up to certain level may prefer one or more, i.e. feel more confident in communicating in a particular language making other languages sort of a fall back method.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.communication.preferred",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "boolean"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-15"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "preferenceInd"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".preferenceInd"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.generalPractitioner",
                "path": "Patient.generalPractitioner",
                "short": "Patient's nominated primary care provider",
                "definition": "Patient's nominated care provider.",
                "comment": "This may be the primary care provider (in a GP context), or it may be a patient nominated care manager in a community/disability setting, or even organization that will provide people to perform the care provider roles.  It is not to be used to record Care Teams, these should be in a CareTeam resource that may be linked to the CarePlan or EpisodeOfCare resources.\nMultiple GPs may be recorded against the patient for various reasons, such as a student that has his home GP listed along with the GP at university during the school semesters, or a \"fly-in/fly-out\" worker that has the onsite GP also included with his home GP to remain aware of medical issues.\n\nJurisdictions may decide that they can profile this down to 1 if desired, or 1 per type.",
                "alias":  [
                    "careProvider"
                ],
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.generalPractitioner",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Reference",
                        "targetProfile":  [
                            "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Organization",
                            "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Practitioner",
                            "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/PractitionerRole"
                        ]
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PD1-4"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "subjectOf.CareEvent.performer.AssignedEntity"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.managingOrganization",
                "path": "Patient.managingOrganization",
                "short": "Organization that is the custodian of the patient record",
                "definition": "Organization that is the custodian of the patient record.",
                "comment": "There is only one managing organization for a specific patient record. Other organizations will have their own Patient record, and may use the Link property to join the records together (or a Person resource which can include confidence ratings for the association).",
                "requirements": "Need to know who recognizes this patient record, manages and updates it.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.managingOrganization",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Reference",
                        "targetProfile":  [
                            "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Organization"
                        ]
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "scoper"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".providerOrganization"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.link",
                "path": "Patient.link",
                "short": "Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual",
                "definition": "Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual.",
                "comment": "There is no assumption that linked patient records have mutual links.",
                "requirements": "There are multiple use cases:   \n\n* Duplicate patient records due to the clerical errors associated with the difficulties of identifying humans consistently, and \n* Distribution of patient information across multiple servers.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.link",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "BackboneElement"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": true,
                "isModifierReason": "This element is labeled as a modifier because it might not be the main Patient resource, and the referenced patient should be used instead of this Patient record. This is when the link.type value is 'replaced-by'",
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "outboundLink"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.link.id",
                "path": "Patient.link.id",
                "representation":  [
                    "xmlAttr"
                ],
                "short": "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
                "definition": "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Element.id",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "extension":  [
                            {
                                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                                "valueUrl": "string"
                            }
                        ],
                        "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
                    }
                ],
                "condition":  [
                    "ele-1"
                ],
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.link.extension",
                "path": "Patient.link.extension",
                "short": "Additional content defined by implementations",
                "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
                "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
                "alias":  [
                    "extensions",
                    "user content"
                ],
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Element.extension",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Extension"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ext-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                        "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
                    }
                ],
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.link.modifierExtension",
                "path": "Patient.link.modifierExtension",
                "short": "Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized",
                "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and managable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.\n\nModifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).",
                "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
                "requirements": "Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](extensibility.html#modifierExtension).",
                "alias":  [
                    "extensions",
                    "user content",
                    "modifiers"
                ],
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "base": {
                    "path": "BackboneElement.modifierExtension",
                    "min": 0,
                    "max": "*"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Extension"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ext-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
                        "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
                    }
                ],
                "isModifier": true,
                "isModifierReason": "Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them",
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "N/A"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.link.other",
                "path": "Patient.link.other",
                "short": "The other patient or related person resource that the link refers to",
                "definition": "Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual.",
                "comment": "Referencing a RelatedPerson here removes the need to use a Person record to associate a Patient and RelatedPerson as the same individual.",
                "min": 1,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.link.other",
                    "min": 1,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "extension":  [
                            {
                                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-hierarchy",
                                "valueBoolean": false
                            }
                        ],
                        "code": "Reference",
                        "targetProfile":  [
                            "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Patient",
                            "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/RelatedPerson"
                        ]
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-3, MRG-1"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "id"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.link.type",
                "path": "Patient.link.type",
                "short": "replaced-by | replaces | refer | seealso",
                "definition": "The type of link between this patient resource and another patient resource.",
                "min": 1,
                "max": "1",
                "base": {
                    "path": "Patient.link.type",
                    "min": 1,
                    "max": "1"
                },
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "code"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "ele-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
                        "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true,
                "binding": {
                    "extension":  [
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
                            "valueString": "LinkType"
                        }
                    ],
                    "strength": "required",
                    "description": "The type of link between this patient resource and another Patient resource, or Patient/RelatedPerson when using the `seealso` code",
                    "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/link-type|5.0.0"
                },
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "typeCode"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            }
        ]
    },
    "differential": {
        "element":  [
            {
                "id": "Patient",
                "path": "Patient",
                "short": "Information about an individual or animal receiving health care services",
                "definition": "Demographics and other administrative information about an individual or animal receiving care or other health-related services.",
                "alias":  [
                    "SubjectOfCare Client Resident"
                ],
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "w5",
                        "map": "administrative.individual"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "Patient[classCode=PAT]"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "ParticipantLiving"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "ClinicalDocument.recordTarget.patientRole"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.identifier",
                "path": "Patient.identifier",
                "short": "An identifier for this patient",
                "definition": "An identifier for this patient.",
                "requirements": "Patients are almost always assigned specific numerical identifiers.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Identifier"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "w5",
                        "map": "FiveWs.identifier"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-3"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "id"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "Participant.identifier"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".id"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.active",
                "path": "Patient.active",
                "short": "Whether this patient's record is in active use",
                "definition": "Whether this patient record is in active use. \nMany systems use this property to mark as non-current patients, such as those that have not been seen for a period of time based on an organization's business rules.\n\nIt is often used to filter patient lists to exclude inactive patients\n\nDeceased patients may also be marked as inactive for the same reasons, but may be active for some time after death.",
                "comment": "If a record is inactive, and linked to an active record, then future patient/record updates should occur on the other patient.",
                "requirements": "Need to be able to mark a patient record as not to be used because it was created in error.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "boolean"
                    }
                ],
                "meaningWhenMissing": "This resource is generally assumed to be active if no value is provided for the active element",
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": true,
                "isModifierReason": "This element is labelled as a modifier because it is a status element that can indicate that a record should not be treated as valid",
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "w5",
                        "map": "FiveWs.status"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "statusCode"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "Participant.active"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.name",
                "path": "Patient.name",
                "short": "A name associated with the patient",
                "definition": "A name associated with the individual.",
                "comment": "A patient may have multiple names with different uses or applicable periods. For animals, the name is a \"HumanName\" in the sense that is assigned and used by humans and has the same patterns. Animal names may be communicated as given names, and optionally may include a family name.",
                "requirements": "Need to be able to track the patient by multiple names. Examples are your official name and a partner name.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "HumanName"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-5, PID-9"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "name"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "Participant.name"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".patient.name"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.telecom",
                "path": "Patient.telecom",
                "short": "A contact detail for the individual",
                "definition": "A contact detail (e.g. a telephone number or an email address) by which the individual may be contacted.",
                "comment": "A Patient may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods.  May need to have options for contacting the person urgently and also to help with identification. The address might not go directly to the individual, but may reach another party that is able to proxy for the patient (i.e. home phone, or pet owner's phone).",
                "requirements": "People have (primary) ways to contact them in some way such as phone, email.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "ContactPoint"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-13, PID-14, PID-40"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "telecom"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "ParticipantContactable.telecom"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".telecom"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.gender",
                "path": "Patient.gender",
                "short": "male | female | other | unknown",
                "definition": "Administrative Gender - the gender that the patient is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes.",
                "comment": "The gender might not match the biological sex as determined by genetics or the individual's preferred identification. Note that for both humans and particularly animals, there are other legitimate possibilities than male and female, though the vast majority of systems and contexts only support male and female.  Systems providing decision support or enforcing business rules should ideally do this on the basis of Observations dealing with the specific sex or gender aspect of interest (anatomical, chromosomal, social, etc.)  However, because these observations are infrequently recorded, defaulting to the administrative gender is common practice.  Where such defaulting occurs, rule enforcement should allow for the variation between administrative and biological, chromosomal and other gender aspects.  For example, an alert about a hysterectomy on a male should be handled as a warning or overridable error, not a \"hard\" error.  See the Patient Gender and Sex section for additional information about communicating patient gender and sex.",
                "requirements": "Needed for identification of the individual, in combination with (at least) name and birth date.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "code"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true,
                "binding": {
                    "extension":  [
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
                            "valueString": "AdministrativeGender"
                        },
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding",
                            "valueBoolean": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "strength": "required",
                    "description": "The gender of a person used for administrative purposes.",
                    "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|5.0.0"
                },
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-8"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/administrativeGender"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "ParticipantLiving.gender"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".patient.administrativeGenderCode"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.birthDate",
                "path": "Patient.birthDate",
                "short": "The date of birth for the individual",
                "definition": "The date of birth for the individual.",
                "comment": "Partial dates are allowed if the specific date of birth is unknown. There is a standard extension \"patient-birthTime\" available that should be used where Time is required (such as in maternity/infant care systems).",
                "requirements": "Age of the individual drives many clinical processes.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "date"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-7"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/birthTime"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "ParticipantLiving.birthDate"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".patient.birthTime"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "loinc",
                        "map": "21112-8"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.deceased[x]",
                "path": "Patient.deceased[x]",
                "short": "Indicates if the individual is deceased or not",
                "definition": "Indicates if the individual is deceased or not.",
                "comment": "If there's no value in the instance, it means there is no statement on whether or not the individual is deceased. Most systems will interpret the absence of a value as a sign of the person being alive.",
                "requirements": "The fact that a patient is deceased influences the clinical process. Also, in human communication and relation management it is necessary to know whether the person is alive.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "boolean"
                    },
                    {
                        "code": "dateTime"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": true,
                "isModifierReason": "This element is labeled as a modifier because once a patient is marked as deceased, the actions that are appropriate to perform on the patient may be significantly different.",
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-30  (bool) and PID-29 (datetime)"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/deceasedInd, player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/deceasedTime"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.address",
                "path": "Patient.address",
                "short": "An address for the individual",
                "definition": "An address for the individual.",
                "comment": "Patient may have multiple addresses with different uses or applicable periods.",
                "requirements": "May need to keep track of patient addresses for contacting, billing or reporting requirements and also to help with identification.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Address"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-11"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "addr"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "ParticipantContactable.address"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".addr"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.maritalStatus",
                "path": "Patient.maritalStatus",
                "short": "Marital (civil) status of a patient",
                "definition": "This field contains a patient's most recent marital (civil) status.",
                "requirements": "Most, if not all systems capture it.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "CodeableConcept"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "binding": {
                    "extension":  [
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
                            "valueString": "MaritalStatus"
                        },
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding",
                            "valueBoolean": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "strength": "extensible",
                    "description": "The domestic partnership status of a person.",
                    "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/marital-status"
                },
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-16"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "player[classCode=PSN]/maritalStatusCode"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".patient.maritalStatusCode"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.multipleBirth[x]",
                "path": "Patient.multipleBirth[x]",
                "short": "Whether patient is part of a multiple birth",
                "definition": "Indicates whether the patient is part of a multiple (boolean) or indicates the actual birth order (integer).",
                "comment": "Where the valueInteger is provided, the number is the birth number in the sequence. E.g. The middle birth in triplets would be valueInteger=2 and the third born would have valueInteger=3 If a boolean value was provided for this triplets example, then all 3 patient records would have valueBoolean=true (the ordering is not indicated).",
                "requirements": "For disambiguation of multiple-birth children, especially relevant where the care provider doesn't meet the patient, such as labs.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "boolean"
                    },
                    {
                        "code": "integer"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-24 (bool), PID-25 (integer)"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/multipleBirthInd,  player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/multipleBirthOrderNumber"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.photo",
                "path": "Patient.photo",
                "short": "Image of the patient",
                "definition": "Image of the patient.",
                "comment": "Guidelines:\n* Use id photos, not clinical photos.\n* Limit dimensions to thumbnail.\n* Keep byte count low to ease resource updates.",
                "requirements": "Many EHR systems have the capability to capture an image of the patient. Fits with newer social media usage too.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Attachment"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "OBX-5 - needs a profile"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/desc"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "ParticipantLiving.photo"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact",
                "extension":  [
                    {
                        "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-explicit-type-name",
                        "valueString": "Contact"
                    }
                ],
                "path": "Patient.contact",
                "short": "A contact party (e.g. guardian, partner, friend) for the patient",
                "definition": "A contact party (e.g. guardian, partner, friend) for the patient.",
                "comment": "Contact covers all kinds of contact parties: family members, business contacts, guardians, caregivers. Not applicable to register pedigree and family ties beyond use of having contact.",
                "requirements": "Need to track people you can contact about the patient.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "BackboneElement"
                    }
                ],
                "constraint":  [
                    {
                        "key": "pat-1",
                        "severity": "error",
                        "human": "SHALL at least contain a contact's details or a reference to an organization",
                        "expression": "name.exists() or telecom.exists() or address.exists() or organization.exists()",
                        "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Patient"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/scopedRole[classCode=CON]"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact.relationship",
                "path": "Patient.contact.relationship",
                "short": "The kind of relationship",
                "definition": "The nature of the relationship between the patient and the contact person.",
                "requirements": "Used to determine which contact person is the most relevant to approach, depending on circumstances.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "CodeableConcept"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "binding": {
                    "extension":  [
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
                            "valueString": "ContactRelationship"
                        }
                    ],
                    "strength": "extensible",
                    "description": "The nature of the relationship between a patient and a contact person for that patient.",
                    "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/patient-contactrelationship"
                },
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "NK1-7, NK1-3"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "code"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact.name",
                "path": "Patient.contact.name",
                "short": "A name associated with the contact person",
                "definition": "A name associated with the contact person.",
                "requirements": "Contact persons need to be identified by name, but it is uncommon to need details about multiple other names for that contact person.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "HumanName"
                    }
                ],
                "condition":  [
                    "pat-1"
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "NK1-2"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "name"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact.telecom",
                "path": "Patient.contact.telecom",
                "short": "A contact detail for the person",
                "definition": "A contact detail for the person, e.g. a telephone number or an email address.",
                "comment": "Contact may have multiple ways to be contacted with different uses or applicable periods.  May need to have options for contacting the person urgently, and also to help with identification.",
                "requirements": "People have (primary) ways to contact them in some way such as phone, email.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "ContactPoint"
                    }
                ],
                "condition":  [
                    "pat-1"
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "NK1-5, NK1-6, NK1-40"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "telecom"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact.address",
                "path": "Patient.contact.address",
                "short": "Address for the contact person",
                "definition": "Address for the contact person.",
                "requirements": "Need to keep track where the contact person can be contacted per postal mail or visited.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Address"
                    }
                ],
                "condition":  [
                    "pat-1"
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "NK1-4"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "addr"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact.gender",
                "path": "Patient.contact.gender",
                "short": "male | female | other | unknown",
                "definition": "Administrative Gender - the gender that the contact person is considered to have for administration and record keeping purposes.",
                "requirements": "Needed to address the person correctly.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "code"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "binding": {
                    "extension":  [
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
                            "valueString": "AdministrativeGender"
                        },
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding",
                            "valueBoolean": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "strength": "required",
                    "description": "The gender of a person used for administrative purposes.",
                    "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administrative-gender|5.0.0"
                },
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "NK1-15"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/administrativeGender"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact.organization",
                "path": "Patient.contact.organization",
                "short": "Organization that is associated with the contact",
                "definition": "Organization on behalf of which the contact is acting or for which the contact is working.",
                "requirements": "For guardians or business related contacts, the organization is relevant.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Reference",
                        "targetProfile":  [
                            "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Organization"
                        ]
                    }
                ],
                "condition":  [
                    "pat-1"
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "NK1-13, NK1-30, NK1-31, NK1-32, NK1-41"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "scoper"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.contact.period",
                "path": "Patient.contact.period",
                "short": "The period during which this contact person or organization is valid to be contacted relating to this patient",
                "definition": "The period during which this contact person or organization is valid to be contacted relating to this patient.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Period"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "effectiveTime"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.communication",
                "path": "Patient.communication",
                "short": "A language which may be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health",
                "definition": "A language which may be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health.",
                "comment": "If no language is specified, this *implies* that the default local language is spoken.  If you need to convey proficiency for multiple modes, then you need multiple Patient.Communication associations.   For animals, language is not a relevant field, and should be absent from the instance. If the Patient does not speak the default local language, then the Interpreter Required Standard can be used to explicitly declare that an interpreter is required.",
                "requirements": "If a patient does not speak the local language, interpreters may be required, so languages spoken and proficiency are important things to keep track of both for patient and other persons of interest.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "BackboneElement"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "LanguageCommunication"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "interface",
                        "map": "ParticipantLiving.communication"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "patient.languageCommunication"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.communication.language",
                "path": "Patient.communication.language",
                "short": "The language which can be used to communicate with the patient about his or her health",
                "definition": "The ISO-639-1 alpha 2 code in lower case for the language, optionally followed by a hyphen and the ISO-3166-1 alpha 2 code for the region in upper case; e.g. \"en\" for English, or \"en-US\" for American English versus \"en-AU\" for Australian English.",
                "comment": "The structure aa-BB with this exact casing is one the most widely used notations for locale. However not all systems actually code this but instead have it as free text. Hence CodeableConcept instead of code as the data type.",
                "requirements": "Most systems in multilingual countries will want to convey language. Not all systems actually need the regional dialect.",
                "min": 1,
                "max": "1",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "CodeableConcept"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "binding": {
                    "extension":  [
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
                            "valueString": "Language"
                        },
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding",
                            "valueBoolean": true
                        }
                    ],
                    "strength": "required",
                    "description": "IETF language tag for a human language",
                    "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/all-languages|5.0.0",
                    "additional":  [
                        {
                            "purpose": "starter",
                            "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/languages"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-15, LAN-2"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "player[classCode=PSN|ANM and determinerCode=INSTANCE]/languageCommunication/code"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".languageCode"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.communication.preferred",
                "path": "Patient.communication.preferred",
                "short": "Language preference indicator",
                "definition": "Indicates whether or not the patient prefers this language (over other languages he masters up a certain level).",
                "comment": "This language is specifically identified for communicating healthcare information.",
                "requirements": "People that master multiple languages up to certain level may prefer one or more, i.e. feel more confident in communicating in a particular language making other languages sort of a fall back method.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "boolean"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-15"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "preferenceInd"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".preferenceInd"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.generalPractitioner",
                "path": "Patient.generalPractitioner",
                "short": "Patient's nominated primary care provider",
                "definition": "Patient's nominated care provider.",
                "comment": "This may be the primary care provider (in a GP context), or it may be a patient nominated care manager in a community/disability setting, or even organization that will provide people to perform the care provider roles.  It is not to be used to record Care Teams, these should be in a CareTeam resource that may be linked to the CarePlan or EpisodeOfCare resources.\nMultiple GPs may be recorded against the patient for various reasons, such as a student that has his home GP listed along with the GP at university during the school semesters, or a \"fly-in/fly-out\" worker that has the onsite GP also included with his home GP to remain aware of medical issues.\n\nJurisdictions may decide that they can profile this down to 1 if desired, or 1 per type.",
                "alias":  [
                    "careProvider"
                ],
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Reference",
                        "targetProfile":  [
                            "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Organization",
                            "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Practitioner",
                            "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/PractitionerRole"
                        ]
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": false,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PD1-4"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "subjectOf.CareEvent.performer.AssignedEntity"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.managingOrganization",
                "path": "Patient.managingOrganization",
                "short": "Organization that is the custodian of the patient record",
                "definition": "Organization that is the custodian of the patient record.",
                "comment": "There is only one managing organization for a specific patient record. Other organizations will have their own Patient record, and may use the Link property to join the records together (or a Person resource which can include confidence ratings for the association).",
                "requirements": "Need to know who recognizes this patient record, manages and updates it.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "1",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "Reference",
                        "targetProfile":  [
                            "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Organization"
                        ]
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "scoper"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": ".providerOrganization"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.link",
                "path": "Patient.link",
                "short": "Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual",
                "definition": "Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual.",
                "comment": "There is no assumption that linked patient records have mutual links.",
                "requirements": "There are multiple use cases:   \n\n* Duplicate patient records due to the clerical errors associated with the difficulties of identifying humans consistently, and \n* Distribution of patient information across multiple servers.",
                "min": 0,
                "max": "*",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "BackboneElement"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": true,
                "isModifierReason": "This element is labeled as a modifier because it might not be the main Patient resource, and the referenced patient should be used instead of this Patient record. This is when the link.type value is 'replaced-by'",
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "outboundLink"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.link.other",
                "path": "Patient.link.other",
                "short": "The other patient or related person resource that the link refers to",
                "definition": "Link to a Patient or RelatedPerson resource that concerns the same actual individual.",
                "comment": "Referencing a RelatedPerson here removes the need to use a Person record to associate a Patient and RelatedPerson as the same individual.",
                "min": 1,
                "max": "1",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "extension":  [
                            {
                                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-hierarchy",
                                "valueBoolean": false
                            }
                        ],
                        "code": "Reference",
                        "targetProfile":  [
                            "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Patient",
                            "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/RelatedPerson"
                        ]
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true,
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "v2",
                        "map": "PID-3, MRG-1"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "id"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "id": "Patient.link.type",
                "path": "Patient.link.type",
                "short": "replaced-by | replaces | refer | seealso",
                "definition": "The type of link between this patient resource and another patient resource.",
                "min": 1,
                "max": "1",
                "type":  [
                    {
                        "code": "code"
                    }
                ],
                "mustSupport": false,
                "isModifier": false,
                "isSummary": true,
                "binding": {
                    "extension":  [
                        {
                            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
                            "valueString": "LinkType"
                        }
                    ],
                    "strength": "required",
                    "description": "The type of link between this patient resource and another Patient resource, or Patient/RelatedPerson when using the `seealso` code",
                    "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/link-type|5.0.0"
                },
                "mapping":  [
                    {
                        "identity": "rim",
                        "map": "typeCode"
                    },
                    {
                        "identity": "cda",
                        "map": "n/a"
                    }
                ]
            }
        ]
    }
}

Patient

Terminology Bindings

These are the terminology bindings within this resource:

Constraints

These are the constraints (invariants) defined within this resource: