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HdBe-AllergieIntolerantie

CBBConceptStatus
HdBe-AllergyIntolerance

Een allergie of intolerantie beschrijft de geneigdheid tot overgevoeligheid van een patiënt voor een stof, zodat na blootstelling een ongewenste fysiologische reactie verwacht wordt, terwijl bij de meeste mensen bij die hoeveelheid geen reactie zou optreden. De waargenomen fysiologische veranderingen zijn meestal het resultaat van een immunologische reactie. De stoffen kunnen als volgt worden ingedeeld:

  • Geneesmiddel
  • Geneesmiddelgroep
  • Ingrediënt/toevoeging
  • Voeding
  • Omgevingsfactor
  • Dier
  • Planten
  • Chemicaliën
  • Inhalatieallergenen

Purpose

Het vastleggen en doorgeven van allergieën en intoleranties, is een belangrijk onderdeel van de medische registratie. Het raakt de kern van patiëntveiligheid in het algemeen en medicatieveiligheid in het bijzonder. In de uitvoering van onderzoek, behandeling en verzorging moet veelal continu rekening worden gehouden met deze patiëntkenmerken. Allergieën en intoleranties zijn in principe ook aandoeningen en zouden ook als probleem vastegelegd kunnen worden. Het is niettemin gebruikelijk deze separaat vast te leggen. Allergieën/Intoleraties hebben veel gemeen met waarschuwingen (Alert). Belangrijk verschil is dat bij allergieën en intoleranties veel getailleerdere informatie wordt vast gelegd o.a over de reacties op de veroorzakende stof. Daarnaast is niet iedere waarschuwing een probleem of medische conditie. Bij allergie/intolerantie is dit wel het geval, terwijl niet iedere allergie of intolerentie een waarschuwing inhoudt.

Evidence Base

Om geneesmiddelallergieën in het werkproces van voorschrijvers en apothekers te kunnen registreren en afhandelen (in de medicatiebewaking) wordt in Nederland voor allergieën gebruik gemaakt van de beschikbare coderingen in de G-standaard. Dit is beschreven in het document “Allergieën en ongewenste middelen IR V-2-3-1”.

Deze codering is niet toereikend waar het gaat om reacties bij blootstelling aan voedingsmiddelen, artikelen (zoals verbandmiddelen en pleisters), planten en dieren. Voor deze items staat de standaard het gebruik van vrije tekst toe of van SNOMED CT codering. Voor SNOMED CT is echter voor dit doel op dit moment geen gevalideerde valueset beschikbaar.

Issues Geen bekende allergieën De vraag is of we in deze bouwsteen een code voor "No known allergies (SNOMED CT 160244002)" en kinderen hiervan aanbieden of dat we stellen dat, waar van toepassing, dat geregeld moet worden in het document waar de bouwsteen wordt toegepast . Valueset voor het concept 'Veroorzakende Stof' Er is momenteel nog geen afgebakende codelijst beschikbaar voor allergene stoffen anders dan medicatie. Daarom is volstaan met het noemen van SNOMED CT voor de codering van allergene stoffen. Voor de codering van medicatieproducten wordt de G-standaard gebruikt. References

  1. Z-INDEX. (2011) *Allergieën en ongewenste middelen *[Online] v. R V-2-3-1 Beschikbaar op: http://www.z-index.nl/g-standaard/beschrijvingen/functioneel/wijzigingen/mb/bewaking-op-allergie/IR%20Allergieen%20V%202-1-1.pdf [Geraadpleegd: 15 oktober 2014]
  2. HL7 FHIR Resource AllergyIntolerance. [Online] Continuous Build. Beschikbaar op: http://hl7-fhir.github.io/allergyintolerance.html [Geraadpleegd: 12 maart 2014]
active

id0..1string
extensionI0..*Extension
CausativeAgent1..1CodeableConceptBinding
AllergyCategory0..1CodeableConceptBinding
AllergyStatus0..1CodeableConceptBinding
StartDateTime0..1dateTime
Criticality0..1CodeableConceptBinding
LastReactionDateTime0..1dateTime
Comment0..1string
id0..1string
extensionI0..*Extension
modifierExtensionΣ ?! I0..*Extension
Symptom1..*CodeableConceptBinding
SpecificSubstance0..1CodeableConceptBinding
ReactionDescription0..1string
Severity0..1CodeableConceptBinding
RouteOfExposure0..1CodeableConceptBinding
ReactionTime0..1dateTime

AllergyIntolerance0..*
AllergyIntolerance.CausativeAgentCodeableConcept1..1
AllergyIntolerance.AllergyCategoryCodeableConcept0..1
AllergyIntolerance.AllergyStatusCodeableConcept0..1
AllergyIntolerance.StartDateTimedateTime0..1
AllergyIntolerance.CriticalityCodeableConcept0..1
AllergyIntolerance.LastReactionDateTimedateTime0..1
AllergyIntolerance.Commentstring0..1
AllergyIntolerance.ReactionBackboneElement0..*
AllergyIntolerance.Reaction.SymptomCodeableConcept1..*
AllergyIntolerance.Reaction.SpecificSubstanceCodeableConcept0..1
AllergyIntolerance.Reaction.ReactionDescriptionstring0..1
AllergyIntolerance.Reaction.SeverityCodeableConcept0..1
AllergyIntolerance.Reaction.RouteOfExposureCodeableConcept0..1
AllergyIntolerance.Reaction.ReactionTimedateTime0..1


AllergyIntolerance
DefinitionRoot concept of the AllergyIntolerance information model. This root concept contains all data elements of the AllergyIntolerance information model.
Cardinality0...*
Invariants
  • ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
AllergyIntolerance.id
DefinitionUnique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.
Cardinality0...1
Typestring
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
AllergyIntolerance.extension
DefinitionMay be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Cardinality0...*
TypeExtension
Aliasextensions, user content
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

SlicingUnordered, Open, by url(Value)
Invariants
  • ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
  • ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
    extension.exists() != value.exists()
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
  • rim: N/A
AllergyIntolerance.CausativeAgent
DefinitionSubstance, group of substances or environmental factor to which the patient is allergic or hypersensitive.
Cardinality1...1
TypeCodeableConcept
Binding

Belgian refset for causative agent, no drug

CausativeAgent (required)
Comments

Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.

Invariants
  • ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
  • v2: CE/CNE/CWE
  • rim: CD
  • orim: fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD
AllergyIntolerance.AllergyCategory
DefinitionIdentifies the allergy category such as medication, food or environment.
Cardinality0...1
TypeCodeableConcept
Binding

AllergyCategory codes

AllergyCategory (required)
Comments

Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.

Invariants
  • ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
  • v2: CE/CNE/CWE
  • rim: CD
  • orim: fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD
AllergyIntolerance.AllergyStatus
DefinitionStatement on the status of the patient’s hypersensitivity.
Cardinality0...1
TypeCodeableConcept
Binding

AllergyStatus codes

AllergyStatus (required)
Comments

Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.

Invariants
  • ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
  • v2: CE/CNE/CWE
  • rim: CD
  • orim: fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD
AllergyIntolerance.StartDateTime
DefinitionThe date and time at which the allergy or undesired reaction was determined. This can be an exact date and time, or a rough indication of the date (such as only the year, or the month and the year).
Cardinality0...1
TypedateTime
Invariants
  • ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
AllergyIntolerance.Criticality
DefinitionCritical extent is defined as “the potential severity of future reactions.” This represents a clinical evaluation of the worst case scenario for a future reaction. It can be based on the severity of past reactions, the dose and manner of exposure which caused reactions in the past, and the life-threatening potential of the type of reaction. Critical extent is a property of the allergy, and not of the reaction itself.
Cardinality0...1
TypeCodeableConcept
Binding

Criticality codes

CriticalExtent (required)
Comments

Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.

Invariants
  • ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
  • v2: CE/CNE/CWE
  • rim: CD
  • orim: fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD
AllergyIntolerance.LastReactionDateTime
DefinitionEntry of the last time a hypersensitive reaction took place.
Cardinality0...1
TypedateTime
Invariants
  • ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
AllergyIntolerance.Comment
DefinitionTextual explanation of the hypersensitivity which cannot be entered in any of the other fields.
Cardinality0...1
Typestring
Comments

Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size

Invariants
  • ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
AllergyIntolerance.Reaction
DefinitionContainer of the Reaction concept. This container contains all data elements of the Reaction concept.
Cardinality0...*
TypeBackboneElement
Invariants
  • ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
AllergyIntolerance.Reaction.id
DefinitionUnique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.
Cardinality0...1
Typestring
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
AllergyIntolerance.Reaction.extension
DefinitionMay be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.
Cardinality0...*
TypeExtension
Aliasextensions, user content
Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

SlicingUnordered, Open, by url(Value)
Invariants
  • ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
  • ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
    extension.exists() != value.exists()
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
  • rim: N/A
AllergyIntolerance.Reaction.modifierExtension
DefinitionMay be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).
Cardinality0...*
TypeExtension
ModifierTrue
SummaryTrue
Aliasextensions, user content, modifiers
Requirements

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Comments

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Invariants
  • ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
  • ext-1: Must have either extensions or value[x], not both
    extension.exists() != value.exists()
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
  • rim: N/A
AllergyIntolerance.Reaction.Symptom
DefinitionThe content specifications of the reaction that takes place when the patient is exposed to the causative substance.
Cardinality1...*
TypeCodeableConcept
Binding

Symptom codes

Symptom (extensible)
Comments

Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.

Invariants
  • ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
  • v2: CE/CNE/CWE
  • rim: CD
  • orim: fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD
AllergyIntolerance.Reaction.SpecificSubstance
DefinitionMore specific indication of the substance that caused the reaction. This can be a specific substance from a group of substances to which the patient is allergic or hypersensitive.
Cardinality0...1
TypeCodeableConcept
Binding

Belgian refset for causative agent, no drug

CausativeAgent (required)
Comments

Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.

Invariants
  • ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
  • v2: CE/CNE/CWE
  • rim: CD
  • orim: fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD
AllergyIntolerance.Reaction.ReactionDescription
DefinitionTextual description of the reaction as a whole.
Cardinality0...1
Typestring
Comments

Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size

Invariants
  • ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
AllergyIntolerance.Reaction.Severity
DefinitionThe severity of the reaction as a result of exposure to the causative substance.
Cardinality0...1
TypeCodeableConcept
Binding

Severity codes

CriticalExtent (required)
Comments

Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.

Invariants
  • ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
  • v2: CE/CNE/CWE
  • rim: CD
  • orim: fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD
AllergyIntolerance.Reaction.RouteOfExposure
DefinitionWay in which the patient came into contact with the causative agent or the way in which the agent was administered.
Cardinality0...1
TypeCodeableConcept
Binding

RouteOfExposure codes

RouteOfExposure (required)
Comments

Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.

Invariants
  • ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
Mappings
  • rim: n/a
  • v2: CE/CNE/CWE
  • rim: CD
  • orim: fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD
AllergyIntolerance.Reaction.ReactionTime
DefinitionDate and time at which the reaction took place. This may also be just the date or a partial date, in the event that the exact date is unknown.
Cardinality0...1
TypedateTime
Invariants
  • ele-1: All FHIR elements must have a @value or children
    hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())
Mappings
  • rim: n/a

Example instances

AllergyIntolerance
CausativeAgent 419442005 - Ethanol (code by SNOMED CT)
AllergyCategory 418471000 - Propensity to adverse reactions to food (code by SNOMED CT)
AllergyStatus 55561003 - Active (code by SNOMED CT)
StartDateTime 2010
criticality 24484000 - Severe (code by SNOMED CT)
LastReactionDateTime 2019-04-21
Comment Allergic reactions seems to get more severe over time.
reaction ---
reaction.Symptom 126485001 - Urticaria (code by SNOMED CT)
Reaction.SpecificSubstance
Reaction.ReactionDescription
reaction.Severity 24484000 - Severe (code by SNOMED CT)
Reaction.RouteOfExposure 26643006 - Oral route (code by SNOMED CT)
Reaction.ReactionTime 2019-04-21

zib AllergyIntolerance-v3.3 difference

Concept Category Description
Description textual Removed known issues as they contain Dutch context (G-standard).
CausativeAgent terminology Replaced existing Codelists with valueSet CausativeAgent which contains Belgian SNOMED refset with code: 751000172100.
AllergyCategory terminology Added SNOMED CT code for unknown to AllergyCategory valueSet and replaced Other value with SNOMED CT code.
AllergyStatus terminology Replaced AllergyStatus valueSet values with SNOMED CT codes of active and inactive, which are equal to the values in the AllergyIntolerance-v4.0 2021 pre-adopt version.
Reaction.Symptom terminology Added SNOMED CT code for unknown to Symptom valueSet and replaced Other value with SNOMED CT code.
Reaction.Severity terminology Replaced valueSet with CriticalExtent valueSet, which is also used at the criticality element, because the codes in the valueset overlap. Morerover, the reaction can not be registered as a fatal reaction too.
Reaction.SpecificSubstance terminology Replaced existing Codelists with valueSet CausativeAgent which contains Belgian SNOMED refset with code: 751000172100.



Terminology Bindings

PathNameStrengthURL
CausativeAgentCausativeAgentrequiredhttps://fhir.healthdata.be/ValueSet/CausativeAgent
AllergyCategoryAllergyCategoryrequiredhttps://fhir.healthdata.be/ValueSet/AllergyCategory
AllergyStatusAllergyStatusrequiredhttps://fhir.healthdata.be/ValueSet/AllergyStatus
CriticalityCriticalExtentrequiredhttps://fhir.healthdata.be/ValueSet/CriticalExtent
Reaction.SymptomSymptomextensiblehttps://fhir.healthdata.be/ValueSet/Symptom
Reaction.SpecificSubstanceCausativeAgentrequiredhttps://fhir.healthdata.be/ValueSet/CausativeAgent
Reaction.SeverityCriticalExtentrequiredhttps://fhir.healthdata.be/ValueSet/CriticalExtent
Reaction.RouteOfExposureRouteOfExposurerequiredhttps://fhir.healthdata.be/ValueSet/RouteOfExposure