{
  "resourceType": "StructureDefinition",
  "id": "EvidenceVariable",
  "meta": {
    "lastUpdated": "2021-01-04T23:01:24.148+00:00"
  },
  "extension": [
    {
      "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-category",
      "valueString": "Specialized.Evidence-Based Medicine"
    },
    {
      "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-standards-status",
      "valueCode": "trial-use"
    },
    {
      "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fmm",
      "valueInteger": 1
    },
    {
      "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-security-category",
      "valueCode": "business"
    },
    {
      "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-wg",
      "valueCode": "cds"
    },
    {
      "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/build/StructureDefinition/entered-in-error-status",
      "valueCode": "Delete the report if it is"
    },
    {
      "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/build/StructureDefinition/template",
      "valueString": "MetadataResource"
    }
  ],
  "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/EvidenceVariable",
  "version": "4.6.0",
  "name": "EvidenceVariable",
  "status": "draft",
  "date": "2021-01-04T23:01:24+00:00",
  "publisher": "Health Level Seven International (Clinical Decision Support)",
  "contact": [
    {
      "telecom": [
        {
          "system": "url",
          "value": "http://hl7.org/fhir"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "telecom": [
        {
          "system": "url",
          "value": "http://www.hl7.org/Special/committees/dss/index.cfm"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "description": "The EvidenceVariable resource describes an element that knowledge (Evidence) is about.",
  "purpose": "Need to be able to define and reuse the definition of individual elements of a research question.",
  "fhirVersion": "4.6.0",
  "mapping": [
    {
      "identity": "workflow",
      "uri": "http://hl7.org/fhir/workflow",
      "name": "Workflow Pattern"
    },
    {
      "identity": "w5",
      "uri": "http://hl7.org/fhir/fivews",
      "name": "FiveWs Pattern Mapping"
    },
    {
      "identity": "objimpl",
      "uri": "http://hl7.org/fhir/object-implementation",
      "name": "Object Implementation Information"
    },
    {
      "identity": "rim",
      "uri": "http://hl7.org/v3",
      "name": "RIM Mapping"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "resource",
  "abstract": false,
  "type": "EvidenceVariable",
  "baseDefinition": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/MetadataResource",
  "derivation": "specialization",
  "differential": {
    "element": [
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable",
        "extension": [
          {
            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/build/StructureDefinition/svg",
            "valueCode": "0,0"
          }
        ],
        "path": "EvidenceVariable",
        "short": "A definition of an exposure, outcome, or other variable",
        "definition": "The EvidenceVariable resource describes an element that knowledge (Evidence) is about.",
        "comment": "The EvidenceVariable may be an exposure variable (intervention, condition, or state), a measured variable (outcome or observed parameter), or other variable (such as confounding factor).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "cnl-0",
            "severity": "warning",
            "human": "Name should be usable as an identifier for the module by machine processing applications such as code generation",
            "expression": "name.matches('[A-Z]([A-Za-z0-9_]){0,254}')",
            "xpath": "not(exists(f:name/@value)) or matches(f:name/@value, '[A-Z]([A-Za-z0-9_]){0,254}')",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/EvidenceVariable"
          }
        ],
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "workflow",
            "map": "Definition"
          },
          {
            "identity": "w5",
            "map": "clinical.general"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.url",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.url",
        "short": "Canonical identifier for this evidence variable, represented as a URI (globally unique)",
        "definition": "An absolute URI that is used to identify this evidence variable when it is referenced in a specification, model, design or an instance; also called its canonical identifier. This SHOULD be globally unique and SHOULD be a literal address at which at which an authoritative instance of this evidence variable is (or will be) published. This URL can be the target of a canonical reference. It SHALL remain the same when the evidence variable is stored on different servers.",
        "comment": "Can be a urn:uuid: or a urn:oid: but real http: addresses are preferred.  Multiple instances may share the same URL if they have a distinct version.\n\nThe determination of when to create a new version of a resource (same url, new version) vs. defining a new artifact is up to the author.  Considerations for making this decision are found in [Technical and Business Versions](resource.html#versions). \n\nIn some cases, the resource can no longer be found at the stated url, but the url itself cannot change. Implementations can use the [meta.source](resource.html#meta) element to indicate where the current master source of the resource can be found.",
        "requirements": "Allows the evidence variable to be referenced by a single globally unique identifier.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "uri"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "workflow",
            "map": "Definition.url"
          },
          {
            "identity": "w5",
            "map": "FiveWs.identifier"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.identifier",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.identifier",
        "short": "Additional identifier for the evidence variable",
        "definition": "A formal identifier that is used to identify this evidence variable when it is represented in other formats, or referenced in a specification, model, design or an instance.",
        "comment": "Typically, this is used for identifiers that can go in an HL7 V3 II (instance identifier) data type, and can then identify this evidence variable outside of FHIR, where it is not possible to use the logical URI.",
        "requirements": "Allows externally provided and/or usable business identifiers to be easily associated with the module.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Identifier"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "workflow",
            "map": "Definition.identifier"
          },
          {
            "identity": "w5",
            "map": "FiveWs.identifier"
          },
          {
            "identity": "objimpl",
            "map": "no-gen-base"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.version",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.version",
        "short": "Business version of the evidence variable",
        "definition": "The identifier that is used to identify this version of the evidence variable when it is referenced in a specification, model, design or instance. This is an arbitrary value managed by the evidence variable author and is not expected to be globally unique. For example, it might be a timestamp (e.g. yyyymmdd) if a managed version is not available. There is also no expectation that versions can be placed in a lexicographical sequence. To provide a version consistent with the Decision Support Service specification, use the format Major.Minor.Revision (e.g. 1.0.0). For more information on versioning knowledge assets, refer to the Decision Support Service specification. Note that a version is required for non-experimental active artifacts.",
        "comment": "There may be different evidence variable instances that have the same identifier but different versions.  The version can be appended to the url in a reference to allow a reference to a particular business version of the evidence variable with the format [url]|[version].",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "string"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "workflow",
            "map": "Definition.version"
          },
          {
            "identity": "w5",
            "map": "FiveWs.version"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.name",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.name",
        "short": "Name for this evidence variable (computer friendly)",
        "definition": "A natural language name identifying the evidence variable. This name should be usable as an identifier for the module by machine processing applications such as code generation.",
        "comment": "The name is not expected to be globally unique. The name should be a simple alphanumeric type name to ensure that it is machine-processing friendly.",
        "requirements": "Support human navigation and code generation.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "cnl-0"
        ],
        "isSummary": true
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.title",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.title",
        "short": "Name for this evidence variable (human friendly)",
        "definition": "A short, descriptive, user-friendly title for the evidence variable.",
        "comment": "This name does not need to be machine-processing friendly and may contain punctuation, white-space, etc.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "string"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "workflow",
            "map": "Definition.title"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.shortTitle",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.shortTitle",
        "short": "Title for use in informal contexts",
        "definition": "The short title provides an alternate title for use in informal descriptive contexts where the full, formal title is not necessary.",
        "requirements": "Need to be able to reference the content by a short description, but still provide a longer, more formal title for the content.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "string"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.subtitle",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.subtitle",
        "short": "Subordinate title of the EvidenceVariable",
        "definition": "An explanatory or alternate title for the EvidenceVariable giving additional information about its content.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "string"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.status",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.status",
        "short": "draft | active | retired | unknown",
        "definition": "The status of this evidence variable. Enables tracking the life-cycle of the content.",
        "comment": "Allows filtering of evidence variables that are appropriate for use versus not.",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "code"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": true,
        "isModifierReason": "This is labeled as \"Is Modifier\" because applications should not use a retired {{title}} without due consideration",
        "isSummary": true,
        "binding": {
          "extension": [
            {
              "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString": "PublicationStatus"
            },
            {
              "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-isCommonBinding",
              "valueBoolean": true
            }
          ],
          "strength": "required",
          "description": "The lifecycle status of an artifact.",
          "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/publication-status"
        },
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "workflow",
            "map": "Definition.status"
          },
          {
            "identity": "w5",
            "map": "FiveWs.status"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.experimental",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.experimental",
        "short": "For testing purposes, not real usage",
        "definition": "A Boolean value to indicate that this resource is authored for testing purposes (or education/evaluation/marketing) and is not intended to be used for genuine usage.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "boolean"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.date",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.date",
        "short": "Date last changed",
        "definition": "The date  (and optionally time) when the evidence variable was published. The date must change when the business version changes and it must change if the status code changes. In addition, it should change when the substantive content of the evidence variable changes.",
        "comment": "Note that this is not the same as the resource last-modified-date, since the resource may be a secondary representation of the evidence variable. Additional specific dates may be added as extensions or be found by consulting Provenances associated with past versions of the resource.",
        "alias": [
          "Revision Date"
        ],
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "dateTime"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "workflow",
            "map": "Definition.date"
          },
          {
            "identity": "w5",
            "map": "FiveWs.recorded"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.publisher",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.publisher",
        "short": "Name of the publisher (organization or individual)",
        "definition": "The name of the organization or individual that published the evidence variable.",
        "comment": "Usually an organization but may be an individual. The publisher (or steward) of the evidence variable is the organization or individual primarily responsible for the maintenance and upkeep of the evidence variable. This is not necessarily the same individual or organization that developed and initially authored the content. The publisher is the primary point of contact for questions or issues with the evidence variable. This item SHOULD be populated unless the information is available from context.",
        "requirements": "Helps establish the \"authority/credibility\" of the evidence variable.  May also allow for contact.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "string"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "workflow",
            "map": "Definition.publisher"
          },
          {
            "identity": "w5",
            "map": "FiveWs.witness"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.contact",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.contact",
        "short": "Contact details for the publisher",
        "definition": "Contact details to assist a user in finding and communicating with the publisher.",
        "comment": "Extensions to ContactDetail include: contactReference, contactAddress, and contributionTime (Details at: http://build.fhir.org/clinicalreasoning-module.html).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "ContactDetail"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "workflow",
            "map": "Definition.contact"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.description",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.description",
        "short": "Natural language description of the evidence variable",
        "definition": "A free text natural language description of the evidence variable from a consumer's perspective.",
        "comment": "This description can be used to capture details such as why the evidence variable was built, comments about misuse, instructions for clinical use and interpretation, literature references, examples from the paper world, etc. It is not a rendering of the evidence variable as conveyed in the 'text' field of the resource itself. This item SHOULD be populated unless the information is available from context (e.g. the language of the evidence variable is presumed to be the predominant language in the place the evidence variable was created).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "markdown"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "workflow",
            "map": "Definition.description"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.note",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.note",
        "short": "Used for footnotes or explanatory notes",
        "definition": "A human-readable string to clarify or explain concepts about the resource.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Annotation"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.useContext",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.useContext",
        "short": "The context that the content is intended to support",
        "definition": "The content was developed with a focus and intent of supporting the contexts that are listed. These contexts may be general categories (gender, age, ...) or may be references to specific programs (insurance plans, studies, ...) and may be used to assist with indexing and searching for appropriate evidence variable instances.",
        "comment": "When multiple useContexts are specified, there is no expectation that all or any of the contexts apply.",
        "requirements": "Assist in searching for appropriate content.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "UsageContext"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "workflow",
            "map": "Definition.useContext"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.copyright",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.copyright",
        "short": "Use and/or publishing restrictions",
        "definition": "A copyright statement relating to the resource and/or its contents. Copyright statements are generally legal restrictions on the use and publishing of the resource.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "markdown"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.approvalDate",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.approvalDate",
        "short": "When the resource was approved by publisher",
        "definition": "The date on which the resource content was approved by the publisher. Approval happens once when the content is officially approved for usage.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "date"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.lastReviewDate",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.lastReviewDate",
        "short": "When the resource was last reviewed",
        "definition": "The date on which the resource content was last reviewed. Review happens periodically after approval but does not change the original approval date.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "date"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.effectivePeriod",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.effectivePeriod",
        "short": "When the resource is expected to be used",
        "definition": "The period during which the resource content was or is planned to be in active use.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Period"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.author",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.author",
        "short": "Who authored the content",
        "definition": "An individiual or organization primarily involved in the creation and maintenance of the content.",
        "comment": "Extensions to ContactDetail include: contactReference, contactAddress, and contributionTime (Details at: http://build.fhir.org/clinicalreasoning-module.html).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "ContactDetail"
          }
        ],
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": ".participation[typeCode=AUT]"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.editor",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.editor",
        "short": "Who edited the content",
        "definition": "An individual or organization primarily responsible for internal coherence of the content.",
        "comment": "Extensions to ContactDetail include: contactReference, contactAddress, and contributionTime (Details at: http://build.fhir.org/clinicalreasoning-module.html).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "ContactDetail"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.reviewer",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.reviewer",
        "short": "Who reviewed the content",
        "definition": "An individual or organization primarily responsible for review of some aspect of the content.",
        "comment": "Extensions to ContactDetail include: contactReference, contactAddress, and contributionTime (Details at: http://build.fhir.org/clinicalreasoning-module.html).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "ContactDetail"
          }
        ],
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": ".participation[typeCode=VRF] {not clear whether VRF best corresponds to reviewer or endorser}"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.endorser",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.endorser",
        "short": "Who endorsed the content",
        "definition": "An individual or organization responsible for officially endorsing the content for use in some setting.",
        "comment": "Extensions to ContactDetail include: contactReference, contactAddress, and contributionTime (Details at: http://build.fhir.org/clinicalreasoning-module.html).",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "ContactDetail"
          }
        ],
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": ".participation[typeCode=VRF] {not clear whether VRF best corresponds to reviewer or endorser}"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.relatedArtifact",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.relatedArtifact",
        "short": "Additional documentation, citations, etc.",
        "definition": "Related artifacts such as additional documentation, justification, or bibliographic references.",
        "comment": "Each related artifact is either an attachment, or a reference to another resource, but not both.",
        "requirements": "EvidenceVariables must be able to provide enough information for consumers of the content (and/or interventions or results produced by the content) to be able to determine and understand the justification for and evidence in support of the content.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "RelatedArtifact"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.actual",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.actual",
        "short": "Actual or conceptual",
        "definition": "True if the actual variable measured, false if a conceptual representation of the intended variable.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "boolean"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic",
        "short": "A defining factor of the EvidenceVariable",
        "definition": "A defining factor of the EvidenceVariable. Multiple characteristics are applied with \"and\" semantics.",
        "comment": "Characteristics can be defined flexibly to accommodate different use cases for membership criteria, ranging from simple codes, all the way to using an expression language to express the criteria.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "BackboneElement"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.linkId",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.linkId",
        "short": "Label for internal linking",
        "definition": "Label used for when a characteristic refers to another characteristic.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "id"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.description",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.description",
        "short": "Natural language description of the characteristic",
        "definition": "A short, natural language description of the characteristic that could be used to communicate the criteria to an end-user.",
        "requirements": "Need to be able to describe characteristics in natural language so that end users can understand the criteria.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "string"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.note",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.note",
        "short": "Used for footnotes or explanatory notes",
        "definition": "A human-readable string to clarify or explain concepts about the characteristic.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Annotation"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.definition[x]",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.definition[x]",
        "short": "Defines the characteristic (without using type and value)",
        "definition": "Defines the characteristic using a single DataType element.",
        "requirements": "If characteristic.definition[x] is used then characteristic.type[x] and characteristic.value[x] shall not be used.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Reference"
          },
          {
            "code": "canonical",
            "targetProfile": [
              "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Resource"
            ]
          },
          {
            "code": "CodeableConcept"
          },
          {
            "code": "Expression"
          },
          {
            "code": "id"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.type[x]",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.type[x]",
        "short": "Expresses the type of characteristic",
        "definition": "Used to express the type of characteristic.",
        "requirements": "If characteristic.type[x] is used then characteristic.value[x]  must be used and characteristic.definition[x] shall not be used.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "CodeableConcept"
          },
          {
            "code": "Reference",
            "targetProfile": [
              "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/EvidenceVariable"
            ]
          },
          {
            "code": "id"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "binding": {
          "extension": [
            {
              "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString": "UsageContextType"
            }
          ],
          "strength": "example",
          "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/usage-context-type"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.value[x]",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.value[x]",
        "short": "Defines the characteristic when coupled with characteristic.type[x]",
        "definition": "Defines the characteristic when paired with characteristic.type[x].",
        "requirements": "If characteristic.value[x] is used then characteristic.type[x]  must be used and characteristic.definition[x] shall not be used.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "CodeableConcept"
          },
          {
            "code": "boolean"
          },
          {
            "code": "Quantity"
          },
          {
            "code": "Range"
          },
          {
            "code": "Reference"
          },
          {
            "code": "id"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.method",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.method",
        "short": "Method used for describing characteristic",
        "definition": "Method used for describing characteristic.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "CodeableConcept"
          }
        ],
        "binding": {
          "extension": [
            {
              "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString": "CharacteristicMethod"
            }
          ],
          "strength": "example",
          "description": "The method used to determine the characteristic(s) of the variable.",
          "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/characteristic-method"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.device",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.device",
        "short": "Device used for determining characteristic",
        "definition": "Device used for determining characteristic.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Reference",
            "targetProfile": [
              "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Device",
              "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/DeviceMetric"
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.exclude",
        "extension": [
          {
            "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/build/StructureDefinition/committee-notes",
            "valueString": "This was called \"inclusiveness\" with a code list of \"presence, absence\". Changed to \"exclude\" boolean to simplify representation and to align with Group characteristic expression."
          }
        ],
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.exclude",
        "short": "Whether the characteristic includes or excludes members",
        "definition": "When true, members with this characteristic are excluded from the element.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "boolean"
          }
        ],
        "meaningWhenMissing": "False"
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.offset",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.offset",
        "short": "Reference point for characteristic.valueQuantity",
        "definition": "Defines the reference point for comparison when characteristic.valueQuantity is not compared to zero.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "CodeableConcept"
          }
        ],
        "binding": {
          "extension": [
            {
              "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString": "CharacteristicOffset"
            }
          ],
          "strength": "example",
          "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/characteristic-offset"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.timeFromEvent",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.timeFromEvent",
        "short": "Observation time from study specified event",
        "definition": "Observation time from study specified event.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "BackboneElement"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.timeFromEvent.description",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.timeFromEvent.description",
        "short": "Human readable description",
        "definition": "Human readable description.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "string"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.timeFromEvent.event[x]",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.timeFromEvent.event[x]",
        "short": "The event used as a base point (reference point) in time",
        "definition": "The event used as a base point (reference point) in time.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "CodeableConcept"
          },
          {
            "code": "Reference"
          },
          {
            "code": "dateTime"
          },
          {
            "code": "id"
          }
        ],
        "binding": {
          "extension": [
            {
              "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString": "EvidenceVariableEvent"
            }
          ],
          "strength": "example",
          "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/evidence-variable-event"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.timeFromEvent.quantity",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.timeFromEvent.quantity",
        "short": "Used to express the observation at a defined amount of time after the study start",
        "definition": "Used to express the observation at a defined amount of time after the study start.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Quantity"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.timeFromEvent.range",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.timeFromEvent.range",
        "short": "Used to express the observation within a period after the study start",
        "definition": "Used to express the observation within a period after the study start.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Range"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.timeFromEvent.note",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.timeFromEvent.note",
        "short": "Used for footnotes or explanatory notes",
        "definition": "A human-readable string to clarify or explain concepts about the timeFromEvent.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Annotation"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.groupMeasure",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.groupMeasure",
        "short": "mean | median | mean-of-mean | mean-of-median | median-of-mean | median-of-median",
        "definition": "Value or set of values that define the grouping.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "code"
          }
        ],
        "binding": {
          "extension": [
            {
              "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString": "GroupMeasure"
            }
          ],
          "strength": "required",
          "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/group-measure"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.combination",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.combination",
        "short": "Used to specify how two or more characteristics are combined",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "BackboneElement"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.combination.code",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.combination.code",
        "short": "all-of | any-of | at-least | at-most | net-effect",
        "definition": "Used to specify if two or more characteristics are combined with OR or AND.",
        "requirements": "If code is \"at-least\" or \"at-most\" then threshold SHALL be used. If code is neither \"at-least\" nor \"at-most\" then threshold SHALL NOT be used.",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "code"
          }
        ],
        "binding": {
          "extension": [
            {
              "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString": "CharacteristicCombination"
            }
          ],
          "strength": "required",
          "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/characteristic-combination"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.combination.threshold",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.combination.threshold",
        "short": "Provides the value of \"n\" when \"at-least\" or \"at-most\" codes are used",
        "definition": "Provides the value of \"n\" when \"at-least\" or \"at-most\" codes are used.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "positiveInt"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.combination.characteristic",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.characteristic.combination.characteristic",
        "short": "A defining factor of the characteristic",
        "definition": "A defining factor of the characteristic.",
        "min": 1,
        "max": "*",
        "contentReference": "#EvidenceVariable.characteristic"
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.handling",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.handling",
        "short": "continuous | dichotomous | ordinal | polychotomous",
        "definition": "The method of handling in statistical analysis.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "code"
          }
        ],
        "binding": {
          "extension": [
            {
              "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString": "EvidenceVariableHandling"
            }
          ],
          "strength": "required",
          "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/variable-handling"
        }
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.category",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.category",
        "short": "A grouping for ordinal or polychotomous variables",
        "definition": "A grouping for ordinal or polychotomous variables.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "BackboneElement"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.category.name",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.category.name",
        "short": "Description of the grouping",
        "definition": "Description of the grouping.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "string"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "EvidenceVariable.category.value[x]",
        "path": "EvidenceVariable.category.value[x]",
        "short": "Definition of the grouping",
        "definition": "Definition of the grouping.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "CodeableConcept"
          },
          {
            "code": "Quantity"
          },
          {
            "code": "Range"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}