<status value="active" /> <experimental value="false" /> <date value="2022-07-08T15:10:50.6856647+00:00" /> <publisher value="FHIR Project team" /> <contact> <telecom> <system value="url" /> <value value="http://hl7.org/fhir" /> </telecom> </contact> <description value="This value set defines the ISO 3166 Part 1 2-letter codes" /> <compose> <include> <system value="urn:iso:std:iso:3166" /> <concept> <code value="AD" /> <display value="Andorra" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="AE" /> <display value="United Arab Emirates" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="AF" /> <display value="Afghanistan" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="AG" /> <display value="Antigua and Barbuda" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="AI" /> <display value="Anguilla" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="AL" /> <display value="Albania" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="AM" /> <display value="Armenia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="AO" /> <display value="Angola" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="AQ" /> <display value="Antarctica" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="AR" /> <display value="Argentina" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="AS" /> <display value="American Samoa" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="AT" /> <display value="Austria" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="AU" /> <display value="Australia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="AW" /> <display value="Aruba" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="AX" /> <display value="Åland Islands" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="AZ" /> <display value="Azerbaijan" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BA" /> <display value="Bosnia and Herzegovina" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BB" /> <display value="Barbados" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BD" /> <display value="Bangladesh" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BE" /> <display value="Belgium" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BF" /> <display value="Burkina Faso" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BG" /> <display value="Bulgaria" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BH" /> <display value="Bahrain" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BI" /> <display value="Burundi" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BJ" /> <display value="Benin" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BL" /> <display value="Saint Barthélemy" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BM" /> <display value="Bermuda" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BN" /> <display value="Brunei Darussalam" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BO" /> <display value="Bolivia, Plurinational State of" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BQ" /> <display value="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BR" /> <display value="Brazil" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BS" /> <display value="Bahamas" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BT" /> <display value="Bhutan" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BV" /> <display value="Bouvet Island" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BW" /> <display value="Botswana" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BY" /> <display value="Belarus" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="BZ" /> <display value="Belize" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CA" /> <display value="Canada" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CC" /> <display value="Cocos (Keeling) Islands" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CD" /> <display value="Congo, the Democratic Republic of the" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CF" /> <display value="Central African Republic" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CG" /> <display value="Congo" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CH" /> <display value="Switzerland" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CI" /> <display value="Côte d''Ivoire" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CK" /> <display value="Cook Islands" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CL" /> <display value="Chile" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CM" /> <display value="Cameroon" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CN" /> <display value="China" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CO" /> <display value="Colombia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CR" /> <display value="Costa Rica" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CU" /> <display value="Cuba" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CV" /> <display value="Cabo Verde" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CW" /> <display value="Curaçao" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CX" /> <display value="Christmas Island" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CY" /> <display value="Cyprus" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="CZ" /> <display value="Czechia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="DE" /> <display value="Germany" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="DJ" /> <display value="Djibouti" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="DK" /> <display value="Denmark" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="DM" /> <display value="Dominica" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="DO" /> <display value="Dominican Republic" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="DZ" /> <display value="Algeria" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="EC" /> <display value="Ecuador" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="EE" /> <display value="Estonia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="EG" /> <display value="Egypt" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="EH" /> <display value="Western Sahara" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="ER" /> <display value="Eritrea" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="ES" /> <display value="Spain" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="ET" /> <display value="Ethiopia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="FI" /> <display value="Finland" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="FJ" /> <display value="Fiji" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="FK" /> <display value="Falkland Islands (Malvinas)" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="FM" /> <display value="Micronesia, Federated States of" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="FO" /> <display value="Faroe Islands" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="FR" /> <display value="France" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GA" /> <display value="Gabon" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GB" /> <display value="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GD" /> <display value="Grenada" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GE" /> <display value="Georgia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GF" /> <display value="French Guiana" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GG" /> <display value="Guernsey" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GH" /> <display value="Ghana" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GI" /> <display value="Gibraltar" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GL" /> <display value="Greenland" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GM" /> <display value="Gambia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GN" /> <display value="Guinea" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GP" /> <display value="Guadeloupe" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GQ" /> <display value="Equatorial Guinea" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GR" /> <display value="Greece" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GS" /> <display value="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GT" /> <display value="Guatemala" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GU" /> <display value="Guam" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GW" /> <display value="Guinea-Bissau" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="GY" /> <display value="Guyana" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="HK" /> <display value="Hong Kong" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="HM" /> <display value="Heard Island and McDonald Islands" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="HN" /> <display value="Honduras" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="HR" /> <display value="Croatia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="HT" /> <display value="Haiti" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="HU" /> <display value="Hungary" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="ID" /> <display value="Indonesia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="IE" /> <display value="Ireland" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="IL" /> <display value="Israel" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="IM" /> <display value="Isle of Man" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="IN" /> <display value="India" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="IO" /> <display value="British Indian Ocean Territory" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="IQ" /> <display value="Iraq" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="IR" /> <display value="Iran, Islamic Republic of" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="IS" /> <display value="Iceland" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="IT" /> <display value="Italy" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="JE" /> <display value="Jersey" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="JM" /> <display value="Jamaica" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="JO" /> <display value="Jordan" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="JP" /> <display value="Japan" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="KE" /> <display value="Kenya" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="KG" /> <display value="Kyrgyzstan" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="KH" /> <display value="Cambodia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="KI" /> <display value="Kiribati" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="KM" /> <display value="Comoros" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="KN" /> <display value="Saint Kitts and Nevis" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="KP" /> <display value="Korea, Democratic People''s Republic of" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="KR" /> <display value="Korea, Republic of" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="KW" /> <display value="Kuwait" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="KY" /> <display value="Cayman Islands" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="KZ" /> <display value="Kazakhstan" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="LA" /> <display value="Lao People''s Democratic Republic" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="LB" /> <display value="Lebanon" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="LC" /> <display value="Saint Lucia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="LI" /> <display value="Liechtenstein" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="LK" /> <display value="Sri Lanka" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="LR" /> <display value="Liberia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="LS" /> <display value="Lesotho" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="LT" /> <display value="Lithuania" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="LU" /> <display value="Luxembourg" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="LV" /> <display value="Latvia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="LY" /> <display value="Libya" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MA" /> <display value="Morocco" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MC" /> <display value="Monaco" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MD" /> <display value="Moldova, Republic of" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="ME" /> <display value="Montenegro" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MF" /> <display value="Saint Martin (French part)" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MG" /> <display value="Madagascar" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MH" /> <display value="Marshall Islands" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MK" /> <display value="Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="ML" /> <display value="Mali" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MM" /> <display value="Myanmar" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MN" /> <display value="Mongolia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MO" /> <display value="Macao" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MP" /> <display value="Northern Mariana Islands" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MQ" /> <display value="Martinique" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MR" /> <display value="Mauritania" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MS" /> <display value="Montserrat" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MT" /> <display value="Malta" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MU" /> <display value="Mauritius" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MV" /> <display value="Maldives" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MW" /> <display value="Malawi" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MX" /> <display value="Mexico" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MY" /> <display value="Malaysia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="MZ" /> <display value="Mozambique" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="NA" /> <display value="Namibia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="NC" /> <display value="New Caledonia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="NE" /> <display value="Niger" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="NF" /> <display value="Norfolk Island" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="NG" /> <display value="Nigeria" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="NI" /> <display value="Nicaragua" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="NL" /> <display value="Netherlands" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="NO" /> <display value="Norway" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="NP" /> <display value="Nepal" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="NR" /> <display value="Nauru" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="NU" /> <display value="Niue" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="NZ" /> <display value="New Zealand" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="OM" /> <display value="Oman" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="PA" /> <display value="Panama" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="PE" /> <display value="Peru" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="PF" /> <display value="French Polynesia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="PG" /> <display value="Papua New Guinea" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="PH" /> <display value="Philippines" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="PK" /> <display value="Pakistan" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="PL" /> <display value="Poland" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="PM" /> <display value="Saint Pierre and Miquelon" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="PN" /> <display value="Pitcairn" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="PR" /> <display value="Puerto Rico" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="PS" /> <display value="Palestine, State of" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="PT" /> <display value="Portugal" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="PW" /> <display value="Palau" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="PY" /> <display value="Paraguay" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="QA" /> <display value="Qatar" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="RE" /> <display value="Réunion" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="RO" /> <display value="Romania" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="RS" /> <display value="Serbia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="RU" /> <display value="Russian Federation" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="RW" /> <display value="Rwanda" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SA" /> <display value="Saudi Arabia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SB" /> <display value="Solomon Islands" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SC" /> <display value="Seychelles" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SD" /> <display value="Sudan" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SE" /> <display value="Sweden" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SG" /> <display value="Singapore" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SH" /> <display value="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SI" /> <display value="Slovenia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SJ" /> <display value="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SK" /> <display value="Slovakia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SL" /> <display value="Sierra Leone" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SM" /> <display value="San Marino" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SN" /> <display value="Senegal" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SO" /> <display value="Somalia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SR" /> <display value="Suriname" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SS" /> <display value="South Sudan" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="ST" /> <display value="Sao Tome and Principe" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SV" /> <display value="El Salvador" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SX" /> <display value="Sint Maarten (Dutch part)" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SY" /> <display value="Syrian Arab Republic" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="SZ" /> <display value="Swaziland" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="TC" /> <display value="Turks and Caicos Islands" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="TD" /> <display value="Chad" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="TF" /> <display value="French Southern Territories" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="TG" /> <display value="Togo" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="TH" /> <display value="Thailand" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="TJ" /> <display value="Tajikistan" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="TK" /> <display value="Tokelau" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="TL" /> <display value="Timor-Leste" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="TM" /> <display value="Turkmenistan" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="TN" /> <display value="Tunisia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="TO" /> <display value="Tonga" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="TR" /> <display value="Turkey" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="TT" /> <display value="Trinidad and Tobago" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="TV" /> <display value="Tuvalu" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="TW" /> <display value="Taiwan, Province of China" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="TZ" /> <display value="Tanzania, United Republic of" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="UA" /> <display value="Ukraine" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="UG" /> <display value="Uganda" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="UM" /> <display value="United States Minor Outlying Islands" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="US" /> <display value="United States of America" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="UY" /> <display value="Uruguay" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="UZ" /> <display value="Uzbekistan" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="VA" /> <display value="Holy See" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="VC" /> <display value="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="VE" /> <display value="Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="VG" /> <display value="Virgin Islands, British" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="VI" /> <display value="Virgin Islands," /> </concept> <concept> <code value="VN" /> <display value="Viet Nam" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="VU" /> <display value="Vanuatu" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="WF" /> <display value="Wallis and Futuna" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="WS" /> <display value="Samoa" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="YE" /> <display value="Yemen" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="YT" /> <display value="Mayotte" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="ZA" /> <display value="South Africa" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="ZM" /> <display value="Zambia" /> </concept> <concept> <code value="ZW" /> <display value="Zimbabwe" /> </concept> </include> </compose> </ValueSet>

Iso 3166 Part 1: 2 Letter Codes

This value set defines the ISO 3166 Part 1 2-letter codes

This value set includes codes from the following code systems:

Include these codes as defined in urn:iso:std:iso:3166

Code	Display
AD	Andorra
AE	United Arab Emirates
AF	Afghanistan
AG	Antigua and Barbuda
AI	Anguilla
AL	Albania
AM	Armenia
AO	Angola
AQ	Antarctica
AR	Argentina
AS	American Samoa
AT	Austria
AU	Australia
AW	Aruba
AX	Åland Islands
AZ	Azerbaijan
BA	Bosnia and Herzegovina
BB	Barbados
BD	Bangladesh
BE	Belgium
BF	Burkina Faso
BG	Bulgaria
BH	Bahrain
BI	Burundi
BJ	Benin
BL	Saint Barthélemy
BM	Bermuda
BN	Brunei Darussalam
BO	Bolivia, Plurinational State of
BQ	Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba
BR	Brazil
BS	Bahamas
BT	Bhutan
BV	Bouvet Island
BW	Botswana
BY	Belarus
BZ	Belize
CA	Canada
CC	Cocos (Keeling) Islands
CD	Congo, the Democratic Republic of the
CF	Central African Republic
CG	Congo
CH	Switzerland
CI	Côte d''Ivoire
CK	Cook Islands
CL	Chile
CM	Cameroon
CN	China
CO	Colombia
CR	Costa Rica
CU	Cuba
CV	Cabo Verde
CW	Curaçao
CX	Christmas Island
CY	Cyprus
CZ	Czechia
DE	Germany
DJ	Djibouti
DK	Denmark
DM	Dominica
DO	Dominican Republic
DZ	Algeria
EC	Ecuador
EE	Estonia
EG	Egypt
EH	Western Sahara
ER	Eritrea
ES	Spain
ET	Ethiopia
FI	Finland
FJ	Fiji
FK	Falkland Islands (Malvinas)
FM	Micronesia, Federated States of
FO	Faroe Islands
FR	France
GA	Gabon
GB	United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
GD	Grenada
GE	Georgia
GF	French Guiana
GG	Guernsey
GH	Ghana
GI	Gibraltar
GL	Greenland
GM	Gambia
GN	Guinea
GP	Guadeloupe
GQ	Equatorial Guinea
GR	Greece
GS	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
GT	Guatemala
GU	Guam
GW	Guinea-Bissau
GY	Guyana
HK	Hong Kong
HM	Heard Island and McDonald Islands
HN	Honduras
HR	Croatia
HT	Haiti
HU	Hungary
ID	Indonesia
IE	Ireland
IL	Israel
IM	Isle of Man
IN	India
IO	British Indian Ocean Territory
IQ	Iraq
IR	Iran, Islamic Republic of
IS	Iceland
IT	Italy
JE	Jersey
JM	Jamaica
JO	Jordan
JP	Japan
KE	Kenya
KG	Kyrgyzstan
KH	Cambodia
KI	Kiribati
KM	Comoros
KN	Saint Kitts and Nevis
KP	Korea, Democratic People''s Republic of
KR	Korea, Republic of
KW	Kuwait
KY	Cayman Islands
KZ	Kazakhstan
LA	Lao People''s Democratic Republic
LB	Lebanon
LC	Saint Lucia
LI	Liechtenstein
LK	Sri Lanka
LR	Liberia
LS	Lesotho
LT	Lithuania
LU	Luxembourg
LV	Latvia
LY	Libya
MA	Morocco
MC	Monaco
MD	Moldova, Republic of
ME	Montenegro
MF	Saint Martin (French part)
MG	Madagascar
MH	Marshall Islands
MK	Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of
ML	Mali
MM	Myanmar
MN	Mongolia
MO	Macao
MP	Northern Mariana Islands
MQ	Martinique
MR	Mauritania
MS	Montserrat
MT	Malta
MU	Mauritius
MV	Maldives
MW	Malawi
MX	Mexico
MY	Malaysia
MZ	Mozambique
NA	Namibia
NC	New Caledonia
NE	Niger
NF	Norfolk Island
NG	Nigeria
NI	Nicaragua
NL	Netherlands
NO	Norway
NP	Nepal
NR	Nauru
NU	Niue
NZ	New Zealand
OM	Oman
PA	Panama
PE	Peru
PF	French Polynesia
PG	Papua New Guinea
PH	Philippines
PK	Pakistan
PL	Poland
PM	Saint Pierre and Miquelon
PN	Pitcairn
PR	Puerto Rico
PS	Palestine, State of
PT	Portugal
PW	Palau
PY	Paraguay
QA	Qatar
RE	Réunion
RO	Romania
RS	Serbia
RU	Russian Federation
RW	Rwanda
SA	Saudi Arabia
SB	Solomon Islands
SC	Seychelles
SD	Sudan
SE	Sweden
SG	Singapore
SH	Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
SI	Slovenia
SJ	Svalbard and Jan Mayen
SK	Slovakia
SL	Sierra Leone
SM	San Marino
SN	Senegal
SO	Somalia
SR	Suriname
SS	South Sudan
ST	Sao Tome and Principe
SV	El Salvador
SX	Sint Maarten (Dutch part)
SY	Syrian Arab Republic
SZ	Swaziland
TC	Turks and Caicos Islands
TD	Chad
TF	French Southern Territories
TG	Togo
TH	Thailand
TJ	Tajikistan
TK	Tokelau
TL	Timor-Leste
TM	Turkmenistan
TN	Tunisia
TO	Tonga
TR	Turkey
TT	Trinidad and Tobago
TV	Tuvalu
TW	Taiwan, Province of China
TZ	Tanzania, United Republic of
UA	Ukraine
UG	Uganda
UM	United States Minor Outlying Islands
US	United States of America
UY	Uruguay
UZ	Uzbekistan
VA	Holy See
VC	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
VE	Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
VG	Virgin Islands, British
VI	Virgin Islands,
VN	Viet Nam
VU	Vanuatu
WF	Wallis and Futuna
WS	Samoa
YE	Yemen
YT	Mayotte
ZA	South Africa
ZM	Zambia
ZW	Zimbabwe