{
  "resourceType": "StructureDefinition",
  "id": "Dosage",
  "url": "http://StructureDefinition.hl7fhir.cn/Dosage",
  "name": "Dosage",
  "title": "药物剂量",
  "status": "draft",
  "description": "药物剂量类型定义了一般的剂量说明信息的结构，通常用于药医嘱/处方/申请、发药配药和用药状态资源中。",
  "fhirVersion": "4.0.0",
  "mapping": [
    {
      "identity": "rim",
      "uri": "http://hl7.org/v3",
      "name": "RIM Mapping"
    },
    {
      "identity": "v2",
      "uri": "http://hl7.org/v2",
      "name": "HL7 v2 Mapping"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "complex-type",
  "abstract": false,
  "type": "Dosage",
  "baseDefinition": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Dosage",
  "derivation": "constraint",
  "snapshot": {
    "element": [
      {
        "id": "Dosage",
        "path": "Dosage",
        "short": "药物的剂量与用法",
        "definition": "用于表示患者（应该）如何用药。",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Dosage",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          }
        ],
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": ".outboundRelationship[typeCode=COMP].target[classCode=SBADM, moodCode=INT]"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.id",
        "path": "Dosage.id",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
        "definition": "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.id",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "string"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.extension",
        "path": "Dosage.extension",
        "slicing": {
          "discriminator": [
            {
              "type": "value",
              "path": "url"
            }
          ],
          "description": "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules": "open"
        },
        "short": "Additional content defined by implementations",
        "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance  applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias": [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "xpath": "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), 'value')])",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
          }
        ],
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.modifierExtension",
        "path": "Dosage.modifierExtension",
        "short": "Extensions that cannot be ignored even if unrecognized",
        "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.\n\nModifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).",
        "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "requirements": "Modifier extensions allow for extensions that *cannot* be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored.  This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the [definition of modifier extensions](extensibility.html#modifierExtension).",
        "alias": [
          "extensions",
          "user content",
          "modifiers"
        ],
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "BackboneElement.modifierExtension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "xpath": "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), 'value')])",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": true,
        "isModifierReason": "Modifier extensions are expected to modify the meaning or interpretation of the element that contains them",
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.sequence",
        "path": "Dosage.sequence",
        "short": "用药顺号",
        "definition": "需要遵循或说明的用药顺序",
        "comment": "32 bit number; for values larger than this, use decimal",
        "requirements": "当多个用法用量的用药序号相同的，则意味着应该同时使用，否则应该按序号顺序使用。",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Dosage.sequence",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "integer"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "TQ1-1"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": ".text"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.text",
        "path": "Dosage.text",
        "short": "用法用量说明文字",
        "definition": "描述用法用量的自由文本说明",
        "comment": "为了友好、直观的显示，请尽可能的为此元素提供值。大小不应超过1MB。",
        "requirements": "当用法用量的说明过于复杂而无法用编码来表示时，可以用自由文本来描述。此元素描述的内容仅限于用法与剂量而不应包含药物的名称或说明。 若用法用量提供了编码，则可用此元素显示友好的人读信息。\r\n如果Dosage.timing元素也有值，则此元素（Dosage.text）提供信息应与Dosage.timing元素值的意义一致。 另外，用药或备药的相关信息也应包含在此元素中。",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Dosage.text",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "RXO-6; RXE-21"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": ".text"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.additionalInstruction",
        "path": "Dosage.additionalInstruction",
        "short": "注意事项",
        "definition": "指导患者如何用药（如：“随餐服用”或“饭前半小时服用”）或作为用药警告使用（如：“可能导致嗜睡”或“避免皮肤阳光直射或日光灯下”）。",
        "comment": "用药或备药的信息（例如“通过腹腔内端口尽快注入”或“紧跟某药物”）应在Dosage.text元素中填写。",
        "requirements": "尽量提供注意事项的编码，如果没有可用的编码，则使用文本描述。",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Dosage.additionalInstruction",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "CodeableConcept"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "binding": {
          "extension": [
            {
              "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString": "AdditionalInstruction"
            }
          ],
          "strength": "example",
          "description": "A coded concept identifying additional instructions such as \"take with water\" or \"avoid operating heavy machinery\".",
          "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/additional-instruction-codes"
        },
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "CE/CNE/CWE"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "CD"
          },
          {
            "identity": "orim",
            "map": "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "RXO-7"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": ".text"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.patientInstruction",
        "path": "Dosage.patientInstruction",
        "short": "用药指导",
        "definition": "用患者或消费者能理解的方式表达的用药指导。",
        "comment": "Note that FHIR strings SHALL NOT exceed 1MB in size",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Dosage.patientInstruction",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "string"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "RXO-7"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": ".text"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.timing",
        "path": "Dosage.timing",
        "short": "用药时间",
        "definition": "何时给药",
        "comment": "由于 Dosage.timing元素是预期的尽可能提供值的元素，所以并不一定会使用此元素。 如果这两个元素都已填值，则 Dosage.text应包含 Dosage.timing的内容。",
        "requirements": "给病人用药的时间安排。此数据类型允许使用各种不同的表达方式。 例如：“每8小时”、“一天三次”、“从2019年12月23日起早餐前半小时，持续10天”、“2013年10月15日、2013年10月17日和2013年11月1日”。 当用“总容量/时间”的形式表示速率时，有时暗含了用药持续时间的信息，例如，可以用“500mL/2小时”意味着液体总药量为500毫升，持续用药2小时）。 但当时间只有单位没有数字时（例如，250毫升/小时），则需要使用Dosage.timing.repeat.duration元素来表示持续时间。",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Dosage.timing",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Timing",
            "profile": [
              "http://StructureDefinition.hl7fhir.cn/Timing"
            ]
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "N/A"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "QSET<TS> (GTS)"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": ".effectiveTime"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.asNeeded[x]",
        "path": "Dosage.asNeeded[x]",
        "short": "必要时使用",
        "definition": "用asNeededBoolean来表示是否在必要时用药； 用asNeededCodeableConcept来表示用药的先决条件。",
        "comment": "此元素要么使用asNeededBoolean表示，要么使用asNeededCodeableConcept表示，不能同时使用。 通过设置asNeededBoolean=True，可以直接表示“必要时使用（prn)”。 如果asNeededBoolean=False，则说明用药将根据计划给出，而不是“prn”或“必要时使用”。 如果设置asNeededCodeableConcept的编码来表达具体的“必要条件”，则暗示着asNeededBoolean=True。",
        "alias": [
          "用药提前"
        ],
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Dosage.asNeeded[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "boolean"
          },
          {
            "code": "CodeableConcept"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "binding": {
          "extension": [
            {
              "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString": "MedicationAsNeededReason"
            }
          ],
          "strength": "example",
          "description": "A coded concept identifying the precondition that should be met or evaluated prior to consuming or administering a medication dose.  For example \"pain\", \"30 minutes prior to sexual intercourse\", \"on flare-up\" etc.",
          "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/medication-as-needed-reason"
        },
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "TQ1-9"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": ".outboundRelationship[typeCode=PRCN].target[classCode=OBS, moodCode=EVN, code=\"as needed\"].value=boolean or codable concept"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.site",
        "path": "Dosage.site",
        "short": "Body site to administer to",
        "definition": "Body site to administer to.",
        "comment": "If the use case requires attributes from the BodySite resource (e.g. to identify and track separately) then use the standard extension [bodySite](extension-bodysite.html).  May be a summary code, or a reference to a very precise definition of the location, or both.",
        "requirements": "A coded specification of the anatomic site where the medication first enters the body.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Dosage.site",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "CodeableConcept"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "binding": {
          "extension": [
            {
              "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString": "MedicationAdministrationSite"
            }
          ],
          "strength": "example",
          "description": "A coded concept describing the site location the medicine enters into or onto the body.",
          "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/approach-site-codes"
        },
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "CE/CNE/CWE"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "CD"
          },
          {
            "identity": "orim",
            "map": "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "RXR-2"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": ".approachSiteCode"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.route",
        "path": "Dosage.route",
        "short": "How drug should enter body",
        "definition": "How drug should enter body.",
        "comment": "Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.",
        "requirements": "A code specifying the route or physiological path of administration of a therapeutic agent into or onto a patient's body.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Dosage.route",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "CodeableConcept"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "binding": {
          "extension": [
            {
              "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString": "RouteOfAdministration"
            }
          ],
          "strength": "example",
          "description": "A coded concept describing the route or physiological path of administration of a therapeutic agent into or onto the body of a subject.",
          "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/route-codes"
        },
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "CE/CNE/CWE"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "CD"
          },
          {
            "identity": "orim",
            "map": "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "RXR-1"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": ".routeCode"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.method",
        "path": "Dosage.method",
        "short": "Technique for administering medication",
        "definition": "Technique for administering medication.",
        "comment": "Terminologies used often pre-coordinate this term with the route and or form of administration.",
        "requirements": "A coded value indicating the method by which the medication is introduced into or onto the body. Most commonly used for injections.  For examples, Slow Push; Deep IV.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Dosage.method",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "CodeableConcept"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "binding": {
          "extension": [
            {
              "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString": "MedicationAdministrationMethod"
            }
          ],
          "strength": "example",
          "description": "A coded concept describing the technique by which the medicine is administered.",
          "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/administration-method-codes"
        },
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "CE/CNE/CWE"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "CD"
          },
          {
            "identity": "orim",
            "map": "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "RXR-4"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": ".doseQuantity"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.doseAndRate",
        "path": "Dosage.doseAndRate",
        "short": "Amount of medication administered",
        "definition": "The amount of medication administered.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Dosage.doseAndRate",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Element"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "TQ1-2"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.doseAndRate.id",
        "path": "Dosage.doseAndRate.id",
        "representation": [
          "xmlAttr"
        ],
        "short": "Unique id for inter-element referencing",
        "definition": "Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.id",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-fhir-type",
                "valueUrl": "string"
              }
            ],
            "code": "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String"
          }
        ],
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.doseAndRate.extension",
        "path": "Dosage.doseAndRate.extension",
        "slicing": {
          "discriminator": [
            {
              "type": "value",
              "path": "url"
            }
          ],
          "description": "Extensions are always sliced by (at least) url",
          "rules": "open"
        },
        "short": "Additional content defined by implementations",
        "definition": "May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance  applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.",
        "comment": "There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions.  The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.",
        "alias": [
          "extensions",
          "user content"
        ],
        "min": 0,
        "max": "*",
        "base": {
          "path": "Element.extension",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "*"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Extension"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          },
          {
            "key": "ext-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Must have either extensions or value[x], not both",
            "expression": "extension.exists() != value.exists()",
            "xpath": "exists(f:extension)!=exists(f:*[starts-with(local-name(.), 'value')])",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Extension"
          }
        ],
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "N/A"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.doseAndRate.type",
        "path": "Dosage.doseAndRate.type",
        "short": "The kind of dose or rate specified",
        "definition": "The kind of dose or rate specified, for example, ordered or calculated.",
        "comment": "Not all terminology uses fit this general pattern. In some cases, models should not use CodeableConcept and use Coding directly and provide their own structure for managing text, codings, translations and the relationship between elements and pre- and post-coordination.",
        "requirements": "If the type is not populated, assume to be \"ordered\".",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Dosage.doseAndRate.type",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "CodeableConcept"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "binding": {
          "extension": [
            {
              "url": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/elementdefinition-bindingName",
              "valueString": "DoseAndRateType"
            }
          ],
          "strength": "example",
          "description": "The kind of dose or rate specified.",
          "valueSet": "http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/dose-rate-type"
        },
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "CE/CNE/CWE"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "CD"
          },
          {
            "identity": "orim",
            "map": "fhir:CodeableConcept rdfs:subClassOf dt:CD"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "RXO-21; RXE-23"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.doseAndRate.dose[x]",
        "path": "Dosage.doseAndRate.dose[x]",
        "short": "Amount of medication per dose",
        "definition": "Amount of medication per dose.",
        "comment": "Note that this specifies the quantity of the specified medication, not the quantity for each active ingredient(s). Each ingredient amount can be communicated in the Medication resource. For example, if one wants to communicate that a tablet was 375 mg, where the dose was one tablet, you can use the Medication resource to document that the tablet was comprised of 375 mg of drug XYZ. Alternatively if the dose was 375 mg, then you may only need to use the Medication resource to indicate this was a tablet. If the example were an IV such as dopamine and you wanted to communicate that 400mg of dopamine was mixed in 500 ml of some IV solution, then this would all be communicated in the Medication resource. If the administration is not intended to be instantaneous (rate is present or timing has a duration), this can be specified to convey the total amount to be administered over the period of time as indicated by the schedule e.g. 500 ml in dose, with timing used to convey that this should be done over 4 hours.",
        "requirements": "The amount of therapeutic or other substance given at one administration event.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Dosage.doseAndRate.dose[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Range"
          },
          {
            "code": "Quantity",
            "profile": [
              "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/SimpleQuantity"
            ]
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "RXO-2, RXE-3"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": ".doseQuantity"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.doseAndRate.rate[x]",
        "path": "Dosage.doseAndRate.rate[x]",
        "short": "Amount of medication per unit of time",
        "definition": "Amount of medication per unit of time.",
        "comment": "It is possible to supply both a rate and a doseQuantity to provide full details about how the medication is to be administered and supplied. If the rate is intended to change over time, depending on local rules/regulations, each change should be captured as a new version of the MedicationRequest with an updated rate, or captured with a new MedicationRequest with the new rate.\r\rIt is possible to specify a rate over time (for example, 100 ml/hour) using either the rateRatio and rateQuantity.  The rateQuantity approach requires systems to have the capability to parse UCUM grammer where ml/hour is included rather than a specific ratio where the time is specified as the denominator.  Where a rate such as 500ml over 2 hours is specified, the use of rateRatio may be more semantically correct than specifying using a rateQuantity of 250 mg/hour.",
        "requirements": "Identifies the speed with which the medication was or will be introduced into the patient. Typically the rate for an infusion e.g. 100 ml per 1 hour or 100 ml/hr.  May also be expressed as a rate per unit of time e.g. 500 ml per 2 hours.   Other examples: 200 mcg/min or 200 mcg/1 minute; 1 liter/8 hours.  Sometimes, a rate can imply duration when expressed as total volume / duration (e.g.  500mL/2 hours implies a duration of 2 hours).  However, when rate doesn't imply duration (e.g. 250mL/hour), then the timing.repeat.duration is needed to convey the infuse over time period.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Dosage.doseAndRate.rate[x]",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Ratio"
          },
          {
            "code": "Range"
          },
          {
            "code": "Quantity",
            "profile": [
              "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/SimpleQuantity"
            ]
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "RXE22, RXE23, RXE-24"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": ".rateQuantity"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.maxDosePerPeriod",
        "path": "Dosage.maxDosePerPeriod",
        "short": "Upper limit on medication per unit of time",
        "definition": "Upper limit on medication per unit of time.",
        "comment": "This is intended for use as an adjunct to the dosage when there is an upper cap.  For example \"2 tablets every 4 hours to a maximum of 8/day\".",
        "requirements": "The maximum total quantity of a therapeutic substance that may be administered to a subject over the period of time.  For example, 1000mg in 24 hours.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Dosage.maxDosePerPeriod",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Ratio"
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          },
          {
            "key": "rat-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "Numerator and denominator SHALL both be present, or both are absent. If both are absent, there SHALL be some extension present",
            "expression": "(numerator.empty() xor denominator.exists()) and (numerator.exists() or extension.exists())",
            "xpath": "(count(f:numerator) = count(f:denominator)) and ((count(f:numerator) > 0) or (count(f:extension) > 0))",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Ratio"
          }
        ],
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "N/A"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "RTO"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "RXO-23, RXE-19"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": ".maxDoseQuantity"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.maxDosePerAdministration",
        "path": "Dosage.maxDosePerAdministration",
        "short": "Upper limit on medication per administration",
        "definition": "Upper limit on medication per administration.",
        "comment": "This is intended for use as an adjunct to the dosage when there is an upper cap.  For example, a body surface area related dose with a maximum amount, such as 1.5 mg/m2 (maximum 2 mg) IV over 5 – 10 minutes would have doseQuantity of 1.5 mg/m2 and maxDosePerAdministration of 2 mg.",
        "requirements": "The maximum total quantity of a therapeutic substance that may be administered to a subject per administration.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Dosage.maxDosePerAdministration",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Quantity",
            "profile": [
              "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/SimpleQuantity"
            ]
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          },
          {
            "key": "qty-3",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present",
            "expression": "code.empty() or system.exists()",
            "xpath": "not(exists(f:code)) or exists(f:system)",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Quantity"
          },
          {
            "key": "sqty-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "The comparator is not used on a SimpleQuantity",
            "expression": "comparator.empty()",
            "xpath": "not(exists(f:comparator))",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/SimpleQuantity"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "SN (see also Range) or CQ"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "PQ, IVL<PQ>, MO, CO, depending on the values"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "not supported"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.maxDosePerLifetime",
        "path": "Dosage.maxDosePerLifetime",
        "short": "Upper limit on medication per lifetime of the patient",
        "definition": "Upper limit on medication per lifetime of the patient.",
        "comment": "The context of use may frequently define what kind of quantity this is and therefore what kind of units can be used. The context of use may also restrict the values for the comparator.",
        "requirements": "The maximum total quantity of a therapeutic substance that may be administered per lifetime of the subject.",
        "min": 0,
        "max": "1",
        "base": {
          "path": "Dosage.maxDosePerLifetime",
          "min": 0,
          "max": "1"
        },
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Quantity",
            "profile": [
              "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/SimpleQuantity"
            ]
          }
        ],
        "condition": [
          "ele-1"
        ],
        "constraint": [
          {
            "key": "ele-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "All FHIR elements must have a @value or children",
            "expression": "hasValue() or (children().count() > id.count())",
            "xpath": "@value|f:*|h:div",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Element"
          },
          {
            "key": "qty-3",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "If a code for the unit is present, the system SHALL also be present",
            "expression": "code.empty() or system.exists()",
            "xpath": "not(exists(f:code)) or exists(f:system)",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/Quantity"
          },
          {
            "key": "sqty-1",
            "severity": "error",
            "human": "The comparator is not used on a SimpleQuantity",
            "expression": "comparator.empty()",
            "xpath": "not(exists(f:comparator))",
            "source": "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/SimpleQuantity"
          }
        ],
        "isModifier": false,
        "isSummary": true,
        "mapping": [
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "n/a"
          },
          {
            "identity": "v2",
            "map": "SN (see also Range) or CQ"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "PQ, IVL<PQ>, MO, CO, depending on the values"
          },
          {
            "identity": "rim",
            "map": "not supported"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "differential": {
    "element": [
      {
        "id": "Dosage",
        "path": "Dosage",
        "short": "药物的剂量与用法",
        "definition": "用于表示患者（应该）如何用药。"
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.sequence",
        "path": "Dosage.sequence",
        "short": "用药顺号",
        "definition": "需要遵循或说明的用药顺序",
        "requirements": "当多个用法用量的用药序号相同的，则意味着应该同时使用，否则应该按序号顺序使用。"
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.text",
        "path": "Dosage.text",
        "short": "用法用量说明文字",
        "definition": "描述用法用量的自由文本说明",
        "comment": "为了友好、直观的显示，请尽可能的为此元素提供值。大小不应超过1MB。",
        "requirements": "当用法用量的说明过于复杂而无法用编码来表示时，可以用自由文本来描述。此元素描述的内容仅限于用法与剂量而不应包含药物的名称或说明。 若用法用量提供了编码，则可用此元素显示友好的人读信息。\r\n如果Dosage.timing元素也有值，则此元素（Dosage.text）提供信息应与Dosage.timing元素值的意义一致。 另外，用药或备药的相关信息也应包含在此元素中。"
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.additionalInstruction",
        "path": "Dosage.additionalInstruction",
        "short": "注意事项",
        "definition": "指导患者如何用药（如：“随餐服用”或“饭前半小时服用”）或作为用药警告使用（如：“可能导致嗜睡”或“避免皮肤阳光直射或日光灯下”）。",
        "comment": "用药或备药的信息（例如“通过腹腔内端口尽快注入”或“紧跟某药物”）应在Dosage.text元素中填写。",
        "requirements": "尽量提供注意事项的编码，如果没有可用的编码，则使用文本描述。"
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.patientInstruction",
        "path": "Dosage.patientInstruction",
        "short": "用药指导",
        "definition": "用患者或消费者能理解的方式表达的用药指导。"
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.timing",
        "path": "Dosage.timing",
        "short": "用药时间",
        "definition": "何时给药",
        "comment": "由于 Dosage.timing元素是预期的尽可能提供值的元素，所以并不一定会使用此元素。 如果这两个元素都已填值，则 Dosage.text应包含 Dosage.timing的内容。",
        "requirements": "给病人用药的时间安排。此数据类型允许使用各种不同的表达方式。 例如：“每8小时”、“一天三次”、“从2019年12月23日起早餐前半小时，持续10天”、“2013年10月15日、2013年10月17日和2013年11月1日”。 当用“总容量/时间”的形式表示速率时，有时暗含了用药持续时间的信息，例如，可以用“500mL/2小时”意味着液体总药量为500毫升，持续用药2小时）。 但当时间只有单位没有数字时（例如，250毫升/小时），则需要使用Dosage.timing.repeat.duration元素来表示持续时间。",
        "type": [
          {
            "code": "Timing",
            "profile": [
              "http://StructureDefinition.hl7fhir.cn/Timing"
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "id": "Dosage.asNeeded[x]",
        "path": "Dosage.asNeeded[x]",
        "short": "必要时使用",
        "definition": "用asNeededBoolean来表示是否在必要时用药； 用asNeededCodeableConcept来表示用药的先决条件。",
        "comment": "此元素要么使用asNeededBoolean表示，要么使用asNeededCodeableConcept表示，不能同时使用。 通过设置asNeededBoolean=True，可以直接表示“必要时使用（prn)”。 如果asNeededBoolean=False，则说明用药将根据计划给出，而不是“prn”或“必要时使用”。 如果设置asNeededCodeableConcept的编码来表达具体的“必要条件”，则暗示着asNeededBoolean=True。",
        "alias": [
          "用药提前"
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}